21 O Online Psycholinguistic Methods in Second Language Acquisition Research Introduction Word Monitoring Cross‐Modal Priming Self‐Paced Reading/Listening Self‐Paced Listening With Picture Verification Comparison Between the Tasks: Advantages and Disadvantages References Suggested Readings Online Resources Note Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie References Suggested Readings
22 P Paired and Group Oral Assessment References Suggested Readings Note Pattern Grammar Introduction Origins The COBUILD Publications Applications of Pattern Grammar Pattern Grammar and Language Theory References Phonetics and Phonology: Historical Overview Terminology Pre‐19th‐Century Phonetics Phonetics and Phonology in the 19th Century Phonetics and Phonology in the 20th Century Instrumental Phonetics The International Phonetic Association and Alphabet SIL International Phonology References Suggested Readings Note Politeness References Suggested Readings Positivism and Postpositivism A Discipline of Design Historically Variable Modes of Applied Linguistics The Coherence of the Field References Suggested Readings Poststructuralism Two Critical Incidents Poststructuralist Theories of Language, Identity, and Investment Poststructuralist Theory and Classroom Practice Points of Contention and Sites of Innovation References Pragmatic Markers Introduction: On the Nature of Pragmatic Markers The Structure of Pragmatic Markers Do Pragmatic Markers Have a Meaning? Pragmatic Markers, General Extenders, and Second Language Acquisition References Pragmatics of Asynchronous Computer‐Mediated Communication Medium‐Specific Features of ACMD The Variation in Pragmatic Features in ACMC Contexts Pragmatic Features of ACMC in L2 Learning Contexts Conclusion