Определенный артикль – “the” произошел от слова «этот» и употребляется с разными существительными. Ставится в тех случаях, когда упоминается предмет или понятие, уже известное собеседникам.
Артикли относятся к существительному, но если перед существительным стоят определения, то артикль ставиться перед всеми определениями.
Артикль может быть заменен местоимением:
‒ определенный – указательными местоимениями this, that;
‒ неопределенный – местоимением some.
Примеры
1 a pen – (неопределенная) ручка;
2 the pen – (определенная) ручка.
Неопределенный артикль не употребляется с существительными во множественном числе:
Пример – a book – books.
2.1.1.1 Дополните предложения артиклями a/an, the.
1) We usually have … lunch at 1 p.m.
2) … French people drink a lot of red wine.
3) I gave her … bunch of flowers when she opened the door.
4) Who is … owner of this car?
5) We went to … zoo and saw … old elephant.
6) I've never taught … class where … pupils were so good at … English.
7) The giraffe is … tallest animal on … Earth. I like … giraffes.
8) … water freezes after … hour if you leave it out in … garden at … night.
2.1.1.2 Выберите правильный вариант:
1) Catherine loves cats/the cats.
2) Look at cats/the cats. They are chasing a bird.
3) I don't like coffee/the coffee, but I like tea/the tea.
4) You cut the cake/cake and I'll pour coffee/the coffee.
5) Life/The life will be very different in the future.
6) Life/The life of a mayfly is extremely short.
7) I enjoy swimming/the swimming in the sea.
8) Children/The children usually like playing games.
9) Children/The children have gone to the park.
10) All people/the people in this room are my relative.
11) All people/the people should have freedom of speech.
12) Villages/The villages in this part of the country are very beautiful.
13) Breakfast/The breakfast is the most important meal of day/the day.
14) Paul was only/the only person who remembered me.
15) In Stone Age/the Stone Age, people lived in caves.
16) I would like to travel to Spain/the Spain.
17) We travelled to London by train/the train.
18) He is learning to play flute/the flute.
2.1.1.3 Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is … clock. 2. This is … Kiev. 3. … Kiev is … big city. 4. Mary is … girl. 5. She is … my sister. 6. This is … room. 7. Is … newspaper in … bag? 8. She is in … room. 9. Is … teacher in … classroom? 10. Is … your room large? 11. Is … pen in … bag? 12. Are you … students? 13. My friend has … children. 14. … sportsmen are always in good form. 15. … children we saw in … street are schoolboys. 16. She lives in … 1st street.
2.1.1.4 Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is … book. It is my … book. 2. Is this your … pencil? – No, it isn't my … pencil, it is my sister's … pencil. 3. I have … sister. My … sister is … engineer. My sister's … husband is … doctor. 4. I have no … handbag. 5. Is this … watch? – No, it isn't … watch, it's … pen. 6. This … pen is good, and that … pen is bad. 7. I can see … pencil on your … table, but I can see no … paper. 8. Give me … chair, please. 9. They have … dog and two … cats. 10. I have … spoon in my … plate, but I have no … soup in it.
2.1.1.5 Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is … tree. … tree is green. 2. I can see three … boys. … boys are playing. 3. I have … bicycle. … bicycle is black. My … friend has no … bicycle. 4. Our … room is large. 5. We wrote … dictation yesterday. … dictation was long. 6. She has two … daughters and one … son. Her … son is … pupil. 7. My … brother's … friend has no … dog. 8. This … pencil is broken. Give me that … pencil, please. 9. She has … ball. … ball is … big. 10. I got … letter from my … friend yesterday. … letter was interesting.
2.1.1.6 Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is … pen. … pen is red. 2. These are pencils. … pencils are black. 3. This is … soup. … soup is tasty. 4. In the morning I eat … sandwich and drink … tea. 5. She gave me … coffee and … cake. … coffee was hot. … cake was tasty. 6. Do you like … ice-cream? 7. I see … book in your … hand. Is … book interesting? 8. She bought… meat, … butter and … potatoes yesterday. She also bought … cake. … cake was very … tasty. We ate … cake with … tea. 9. This is my … table. On … table I have … book, two … pencils, … pen and … paper. 10. This is … bag. … bag is brown. It is my sister's … bag. And this is my … bag. It is … yellow.
2.1.1.7 Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. I have two … sisters. My … sisters are … students. 2. We are at … home. 3. My … brother is not at … home, he is at … school. 4. My … mother is at … work. She is … doctor. 5. I am not … doctor. 6. I have no'… sister. 7. He is not … pilot. 8. I have thirty-two …