This edition first published 2022
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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Names: Rai, Mahendra, editor. | Patel, Mrunali Rashmin, 1981– editor. | Patel, Rashmin Bharatbhai, 1979– editor. Title: Nanotechnology in medicine : toxicity and safety / edited by Mahendra Kumar Rai, SGB Amravati University, Maharashtra, India, Mrunali Rashmin Patel, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Gujarat, India, Rashmin Bharatbhai Patel, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Gujarat, India. Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley–Blackwell, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2021031539 (print) | LCCN 2021031540 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119769866 (cloth) | ISBN 9781119769873 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119769880 (epub) Subjects: LCSH: Nanotechnology. | Medical technology. Classification: LCC R857.N34 N3617 2022 (print) | LCC R857.N34 (ebook) | DDC 610.285–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021031539 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021031540
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Preface
Currently, an exceptional growth in research, innovation, and applications have been realized in the area of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is beheld as a transformative technology. It offers ample possibilities to address the key societal challenges essential to encounter global healthcare problems. It presents engineered nanomaterials, smart innovative products incorporating these materials, and nanoenabled processes having magnificent growth potential for a large number of industrial sectors. Formulation scientists have extensively used nanoparticles for entrapment of drugs with intention of enhanced delivery to, or uptake by, target cells and/or a reduction in the toxicity of the free drug to nontarget organs. There is collective optimism that nanotechnology, as applied to medicine, has and will further lead to noteworthy developments in therapeutics, tissue engineering, active implants, nano‐robotic biosensors, molecular diagnostics and imaging, bone grafting, tiny vehicles for drug delivery, nutraceuticals, genomics, and proteomics. Nanomedicine, incorporating prospective drug delivery nanocarriers, hails great promises to combat complex illnesses like cancer, neurological diseases, infectious or inflammatory diseases, and malaria due to novel physicochemical properties. However, this may damage and exert toxicological effects due to detrimental interfaces with living systems and the environment. Thus, the smart and sustainable development of these nanomaterials has created concerns about their possible undesirable effects on human health and safety as well as an environmental burden. Additionally, these necessitate contemplating its characteristic features, exposure effects, hazard mechanisms, risk assessment and management.
This book focuses on current trends to deliver therapeutic agents into targeted specific cells, cellular compartments, tissues, and organs by using nanoparticulate carriers; applications of nanotechnology in medicine with a special focus on neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diagnostics, nano‐nutraceuticals, dermatology, gene therapy, etc.; nanotoxicology with focus on nanomedicine, landscapes of in vitro and in vivo toxicological testing; regulatory framework in nanotechnology and medicine; future aspects in toxicity and safety assessment of nanotechnology, etc. Also, the book identifies the knowledge gaps related to nanomaterials’ safety which tends to be the greatest hurdle in obtaining benefits of nanomedicine in healthcare. Now that we are entering a new phase from academic development to proven clinical value, it is very important for specialists in the field to find all the information on these aspects together in a book, to see what the current stage is, what the problems are and what viable solutions are being proposed for the future in this field.
This book contains valuable chapters written by professionals and experts on the diverse aspects of nanotechnology in medicine with insights into the toxicological and safety issues owing to interaction with biological systems and the environment. The chapters have been divided into four different parts. Part I: Nanomedicine: Nanotoxicological Insights – aims to enrich the understandings of nanotoxicological features of nanomedicine. It provides an introductory overview of nanomedicine and nanotoxicology progressing further toward recent advances in research and development dealing with microbial biopolymers and their derivatives as nanotechnological instruments for medicine. Part II deals with Nanoparticles: Toxicity and Safety. The recent technological and manufacturing innovations have led to the enhanced use of nanoparticles for diverse applications. However, this has also preceded the risks allied with its exposure. This part imparts the perceptions of toxicity and