13
This Michael travelled and preached much in company with Bernardinus, and died at Como in 1485. – Wadding, xiv. p. 396.
14
The Piccolimini, nephews of the pope, having once paid their respects to him at Siena, he told them he was their namesake. – Wadding, xiv. p. 447.
15
Waddingii Scriptores Ordinis Minorum, p. 58. Fabricii Biblioth. Mediæ et Infimæ Æt. i. p. 586.
16
Wadding, xiv. pp. 398, 433.
17
It may be found entire in Wadding, xiv. p. 411. It was ordered that the pledges should be worth double the sum lent, and that they should be sold if not redeemed within a year.
18
Wadding, xiv. p. 446.
19
D. Manni circa i Sigilli Antichi, tom. xxvii. p. 92, where much information respecting this subject may be found.
20
Wadding, xiv. p. 451.
21
Ibid. pp. 462, 465.
22
Ibid. xiv. pp. 480, 481.
23
Ibid. p. 517.
24
Ibid. xiv. pp. 93, 482.
25
Ibid. p. 514.
26
Ibid. xv. pp. 6, 65.
27
Wadding, xv. pp. 7, 9, 12.
28
Ibid. xv. pp. 37, 45, 46.
29
Ibid. xv. 67.
30
Ibid. xv. p. 68. Bernardinus considered the giving of wages as a necessary evil.
31
Della Zecca di Gubbio, e delle Geste de’ Conti e Duchi di Urbino; opera di Rinaldo Reposati. Bologna, 1772, 4to.
32
It is to be found in the well-known large collection of juridical writings quoted commonly under the title Tractatus Tractatuum. Venetiis, 1584, fol. p. 419, vol. vi. part 1. It has also been printed separately.
33
His works were printed together, in folio, at Brescia in 1588.
34
The work of the former appeared in 1496. The writings of both are printed in the work of Ascianus, or Zimmermann, which has been often quoted already.
35
This bull, which forms an epoch in the history of lending-houses, may be found in S. Lateranen. Concilium Novissimum. Romæ, 1521, fol. This scarce work, which I have now before me, is inserted entire in Harduini Acta Conciliorum, tom. ix. Parisiis, 1714, fol. The bull may be found p. 1773. It may be found also in Bullarium Magnum Cherubini, i. p. 560; Waddingii Annal. Minor. xv. p. 470; Ascianus, p. 738; and Beyerlinck’s Theatrum Vitæ Hum. v. p. 603.
36
This is the conclusion formed by Richard, in Analysis Conciliorum, because in sess. 22, cap. 8, lending-houses are reckoned among the
37
Waddingii Annal. Minor. xv. p. 471.
38
Ibid. xvi. p. 444; Ascianus, p. 766.
39
(Summonte) Historia de Napoli, 1749, 4to, vol. iv. p. 179. – Giannone, vol. iv. – De’ Banchi di Napoli, da Michele Rocco. Neap. 1785, 3 vols. 8vo, i. p. 151.
40
Vettor Sandi, in Principi di Storia civile della Republica di Venezia. In Venezia 1771, 4to, vol. ii. p. 436. The author treats expressly of the institution of this bank, but the year when it commenced is not mentioned.
41
Waddingii Annal. Minor. xv. p. 67.
42
Hymnus ii. honorem Laurentii. The poet relates, that in the third century the pagan governor of the city demanded the church treasure from Laurentius the deacon.
43
This passage, with which Senkenberg was not acquainted, may be found in Tertullian’s Apolog. cap. 39, edition of De la Cerda, p. 187.
44
This word however is not to be found in the Glossarium Manuale.
45
See the bull in Bullarium Magnum, n. 17.
46
See Petr. Gregorius Tholosanus de Republica. Francof. 1609, 4to, lib. xiii. c. 16, p. 566; and Ascianus, p. 753.
47
Geschichte des Teutschen Handels, ii. p. 454.
48
Gokink’s Journal für Teutschland, 1784, i. p. 504, where may be found the first and the newest regulations respecting the lending-house at Nuremberg.
49
Stettens Geschichte der Stadt Augsburg. Frankf. 1742, 2 vols. 4to, i. p. 720, 789, 833.
50
Fœdera, vol. iv. p. 387.
51
Beschryving der Stadt Delft. 1729, fol. p. 553.
52
Salmasius de Fœnore trapezitico. Lugd. 1640, 8vo, p. 744.
53
De Koophandel van Amsterdam. Rott. 1780, 8vo, i. p. 221.
54
S. de Marets Diss. de trapezitis.
55
Beyerlinck, Magnum Theatrum Vitæ, tom. v. p. 602.
56
Richard, Analysis Concilior. iv. p. 98.
57
Turgot, Mem. sur le prêt à intérest, &c. Par. 1789, 8vo.
58
Sauval, Hist. de la Ville de Paris.
59
Rufel, Hist. de la Ville de Marseille; 1696. fol. ii. p. 99.
60
Tableau de Paris. Hamb. 1781. 8vo, i. p. 78.
61
Waterston’s Cyclopædia of Commerce.
62
See Goguet, Origines. Bailly, Hist. de l’Astron. Ancienne.
63
Jablonski, Pantheon Ægypt. 1750, p. 49.
64
These contradictions are pointed out by Goguet, in a note, p. 370. A better view of them may be found in Hygini Astronom. (ed. Van Staveren), xlii. p. 496.
65
Jablonski, Panth. p. 55. Vossius de Idololatria, ii. 34, p. 489. Bruckeri Histor. Philosoph. i. p. 1055.
66
Origenes Contra Celsum, lib. vi. 22. I expected to have received some explanation of this passage from the editors of Origen, and in those authors who have treated expressly on the religious worship of the Persians; but I find that they are quoted neither by Hyde; Philip a Turre, whose Monumenta Veteris Antii is printed in Thesaurus Antiquitat. et Histor. Italiæ; nor by Banier in his Mythology.
67
Borrichius arranges the words in the following manner: “Secundam portam faciunt Jovis, comparantes ei stanni splendorem et mollitiem; tertiam Veneris æratam et solidam; quartam Martis, est enim laborum patiens, æque ac ferrum, celebratus hominibus; quintam Mercurii propter misturam inæqualem ac variam, et quia negotiator est; sextam Lunæ argenteam; septimam Solis auream.” – Ol. Borrichius De Ortu et Progressu Chemiæ.” Hafniæ, 1668, 4to, p. 29. Professor Eichhorn reminded me, as allusive to this subject, of the seven walls of Ecbatana, the capital of Media, the outermost of which was the lowest, and each of the rest progressively higher, so that they overtopped each other. Each was of a particular colour. The outermost was white; the second black; the third purple; the fourth blue; the fifth red, or rather of an orange colour; and the summit of the sixth was covered with silver, and that of the seventh, or innermost, with gold. Such is the account given by Herodotus, i. 98; and it appears to me not improbable that they may have had a relation to the seven planets, though nothing is