The 2002 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: United States. Central Intelligence Agency
Издательство: Bookwire
Серия:
Жанр произведения: Социология
Год издания: 0
isbn: 4064066092382
Скачать книгу
beans, aluminum, coffee, cotton

      Exports - partners: Italy 24%, France 18%, Netherlands 10% (2000 est.)

      Imports: $1.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)

      Imports - commodities: machinery, electrical equipment, transport equipment, fuel, food

      Imports - partners: France 29%, Germany 7%, US 6%, Japan 6% (2000 est.)

      Debt - external: $10.9 billion (2000 est.)

      Economic aid - recipient: on 23 January 2001, the Paris Club agreed to reduce Cameroon's debt of $1.3 billion by $900 million; total debt relief now amounts to $1.26 billion

      Currency: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States

      Currency code: XAF

      Exchange rates: Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 742.79 (January 2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997); note - from 1 January 1999, the XAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XAF per euro

      Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June

      Communications Cameroon

      Telephones - main lines in use: 95,000 (2001)

      Telephones - mobile cellular: 300,000 (2002)

      Telephone system: available only to business and government domestic: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 11, FM 8, shortwave 3 (1998)

      Radios: 2.27 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations: 1 (1998)

      Televisions: 450,000 (1997)

      Internet country code: .cm

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 29 (2002)

      Internet users: 20,000 (2000) note: in 2000, Cameroon also had 112 cyber-cafes

      Transportation Cameroon

      Railways: total: 1,104 km narrow gauge: 1,104 km 1.000-m gauge (1995 est.)

      Highways: total: 34,300 km paved: 4,288 km unpaved: 30,012 km (1995)

      Waterways: 2,090 km (of decreasing importance)

      Ports and harbors: Bonaberi, Douala, Garoua, Kribi, Tiko

      Airports: 49 (2001)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 11 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2001)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 38 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 21 under 914 m: 10 (2001)

      Military Cameroon

      Military branches: Army, Navy (includes naval infantry), Air Force,

       National Gendarmerie, Presidential Guard

      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 3,872,965 (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 1,959,357 (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 174,308 (2002 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $118.6 million (FY00/01)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 1.4% (FY98/99)

      Transnational Issues Cameroon

      Disputes - international: oral arguments on the land and maritime boundary disputes between Cameroon and Nigeria were presented to the ICJ; disputes center around Bakasi Peninsula, where armed clashes continue, Bouram Island on Lake Chad, and the maritime boundary and economic zone dispute in the Gulf of Guinea, which also involves Equatorial Guinea; Lake Chad Basin Commission urges signatories Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria to ratify delimitation treaty over lake region, the site of continuing armed clashes

      This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

      ========================================================================

      Comoros

      Introduction

      Comoros

      Background: Unstable Comoros has endured 19 coups or attempted coups since gaining independence from France in 1975. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Moheli declared their independence from Comoros. In 1999, military chief Col. AZALI seized power. He has pledged to resolve the secessionist crisis through a confederal arrangement named the 2000 Fomboni Accord. In December 2001, voters approved a new constitution and presidential elections took place in the spring of 2002.

      Geography Comoros

      Location: Southern Africa, group of islands in the Mozambique Channel, about two-thirds of the way between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique

      Geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 44 15 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area: total: 2,170 sq km water: 0 sq km land: 2,170 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly more than 12 times the size of Washington,

       DC

      Land boundaries: 0 km

      Coastline: 340 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate: tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)

      Terrain: volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point:

       Le Kartala 2,360 m

      Natural resources: NEGL

      Land use: arable land: 35% permanent crops: 18% other: 47% (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land: NA sq km

      Natural hazards: cyclones possible during rainy season (December to

       April); Le Kartala on Grand Comore is an active volcano

      Environment - current issues: soil degradation and erosion results from crop cultivation on slopes without proper terracing; deforestation

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note: important location at northern end of Mozambique

       Channel

      People Comoros

      Population: 614,382 (July 2002 est.)

      Age structure: 0-14 years: 42.9% (male 132,013; female 131,282) 15-64 years: 54.2% (male 164,245; female 168,793) 65 years and over: 2.9% (male 8,588; female 9,461) (2002 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.99% (2002 est.)

      Birth rate: 39.01 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Death rate: 9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Net migration rate: NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 81.79 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: 63.09 years (2002 est.) male: Total fertility rate: 5.26 children born/woman (2002 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.12% (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA

      HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA

      Nationality: