Industrial Carbon and Graphite Materials. Группа авторов. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: Группа авторов
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited
Серия:
Жанр произведения: Техническая литература
Год издания: 0
isbn: 9783527674053
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(Figure 1.20). As the carbon fiber price dropped, application in sport articles followed. Today carbon fibers are common in the civil aviation industry. Weight and thus the reduction of operational cost made the use of CFRPs’ attractive.

Graph depicts the mechanical properties of carbon fibers. Graph depicts the carbon fiber fields of application. Bar chart depicts the carbon fiber demand and capacity. Bar chart depicts the carbon fiber producers and their estimated capacities.

      The production cost for CFRPs has to be reduced to become competitive versus the traditional construction materials steel and aluminum. The cost for carbon fibers production is linked to the oil price and energy pricing; the biggest potential today is in the manufacturing process for CFRPs itself. Automation and reasonable lot sizes are the keys to success. The development of matrix systems that will accelerate the manufacturing processes and enable the recycling into new components is necessary. Thermoplastic polymers will partially replace the currently used thermosetting resin systems. The fiber surface has to be modified to provide the required interaction with the respective polymer system. On a long‐term perspective, precursor fibers based on renewable materials and “green” matrices will be the answer to the current CO2 footprint discussions. All this needs big efforts in research and development.

Graph depicts the energy and power density for different storage systems. Bar chart depicts a forecast for the expected Li-ion battery storage capacity. Bar chart depicts the Li-ion anode material producer and their capacity.

      Electrical discharge layer capacitors (EDLCs) are fast loading and unloading systems. In contrary to the Li‐ion batteries, in which the intercalation in between the graphite layers is the storage process, EDLCs require an easy accessible high surface area with a preferred porosity in the nano‐range for the adsorption/desorption of charge carriers. Suitable carbon materials can be produced from a wide variety of sources. One source is from renewables like nutshells and others that are known from the production of activated carbons. Also synthetic sources can be used. Essential is the activation of the carbon surface. One advantage of these EDLCs is their high cycle life with more than one million cycles.

Schematic illustration of the fuel cell. The components diffuse through a gas penetrable layer formed by carbon materials until they reach the catalyst.