20 13 Three Phase Fermentation General Problem Effect on Mass Transfer Effect on Foam Emulsion vs. Suspension Complexity: How to Optimize Operation Summary of Chapter References
21 14 Use of CFD in Fermenter Design Purpose of This Chapter Basic Theory Methods of Presenting Data Velocity Distribution Cavern Formation Blending Progress Flow Around Coils Bubble Size, kla, Holdup DO Distribution Summary of Chapter References
22 15 Agitator Seal Design Considerations Introduction Terminology Main Functions of Fermenter Shaft Seals Common Types of Shaft Seals Material Considerations Methods of Lubricating Seals Seal Environmental Control and Seal Support System Seal Life Expectations Special Process Considerations Summary of Chapter Reference
23 16 Fermenter Agitator Mounting Methods Introduction Top Entering Methods Bottom Entering Methods Summary of Chapter References
24 17 Mechanical Design of Fermenter Agitators Introduction Simple Example Problem Sample Problem with Steady Bearing Cantilevered Designs Example Problem Units with Steady Bearings Early History Loads Imposed Handle or Isolate Loads? Handle Loads Option 1: Oversized Commercial Gear Drive Handle Loads Option 2: Purpose‐Built Agitator Drive Isolate Loads Option 1: Hollow Quill Integrated Drive with Flexibly Coupled Extension Shaft Isolate Loads Option 2: Outboard Support Bearing Module Important or Useful Mechanical Design Features List of Symbols Greek Letters References
25 18 Sanitary Design Introduction Definitions Construction Principles Wetted Parts Construction Methods Bolts and Nuts Steady Bearings Polishing Methods and Measures1: Polishing vs. Burnishing Polishing Methods and Measures2: Lay Polishing Methods and Measures3: Roughness Average Electropolish Passivating Effect on Mechanical Design Summary of Chapter Additional Sources of Information