The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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system; fiber optic

       trunk lines

       international: country code - 1–441; 3 fiber optic submarine cables;

       satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations:

       AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2004)

      Radios:

       82,000 (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

       4 (2004)

      Televisions:

       66,000 (1997)

      Internet country code:

       .bm

      Internet hosts:

       5,161 (2001)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       20 (2000)

      Internet users:

       34,500 (2003)

      Transportation Bermuda

      Highways: total: 450 km paved: 450 km unpaved: 0 km note: public roads - 209 km; private roads - 241 km (2002)

      Ports and harbors:

       Hamilton, Saint George

      Merchant marine:

       total: 108 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,845,326 GRT/6,501,782 DWT

       by type: bulk carrier 22, cargo 6, container 22, liquefied gas 13,

       passenger 13, passenger/cargo 6, petroleum tanker 8, refrigerated

       cargo 11, roll on/roll off 7

       foreign-owned: 103 (Australia 2, Canada 20, Finland 2, Germany 1,

       Greece 1, Hong Kong 5, Indonesia 1, Nigeria 8, Norway 5, Sweden 9,

       Switzerland 2, United Kingdom 27, United States 20)

       registered in other countries: 1 (2005)

      Airports:

       1 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)

      Military Bermuda

      Military branches:

       Bermuda Regiment

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $4.03 million (2001)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       0.11% (FY00/01)

      Military - note:

       defense is the responsibility of the UK

      Transnational Issues Bermuda

      Disputes - international: none

      This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Bhutan

      Introduction Bhutan

      Background:

       In 1865, Britain and Bhutan signed the Treaty of Sinchulu, under

       which Bhutan would receive an annual subsidy in exchange for ceding

       some border land. Under British influence, a monarchy was set up in

       1907; three years later, a treaty was signed whereby the British

       agreed not to interfere in Bhutanese internal affairs and Bhutan

       allowed Britain to direct its foreign affairs. This role was assumed

       by independent India after 1947. Two years later, a formal

       Indo-Bhutanese accord returned the areas of Bhutan annexed by the

       British, formalized the annual subsidies the country received, and

       defined India's responsibilities in defense and foreign relations. A

       refugee issue of some 100,000 Bhutanese in Nepal remains unresolved;

       90% of the refugees are housed in seven United Nations Office of the

       High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps.

      Geography Bhutan

      Location:

       Southern Asia, between China and India

      Geographic coordinates:

       27 30 N, 90 30 E

      Map references:

       Asia

      Area:

       total: 47,000 sq km

       land: 47,000 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       about half the size of Indiana

      Land boundaries: total: 1,075 km border countries: China 470 km, India 605 km

      Coastline:

       0 km (landlocked)

      Maritime claims:

       none (landlocked)

      Climate:

       varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers

       in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas

      Terrain:

       mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Drangme Chhu 97 m

       highest point: Kula Kangri 7,553 m

      Natural resources:

       timber, hydropower, gypsum, calcium carbonate

      Land use: arable land: 3.09% permanent crops: 0.43% other: 96.48% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       400 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's

       name which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent

       landslides during the rainy season

      Environment - current issues:

       soil erosion; limited access to potable water

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto

       Protocol, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes

       signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea

      Geography - note:

       landlocked; strategic location between China and India; controls

       several key Himalayan mountain passes

      People Bhutan

      Population: 2,232,291 note: other estimates range as low as 810,000 (July 2005 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 39.1% (male 452,213/female 420,675)

       15–64 years: 56.9% (male 654,109/female 615,431)

       65 years and over: 4% (male 45,281/female 44,582) (2005 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 20.27 years

       male: 20.11 years

       female: 20.44 years (2005 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       2.11% (2005 est.)

      Birth rate:

       34.03 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Death rate:

       12.94 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Net migration