The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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March

      Environment - current issues:

       inadequate supplies of potable water; poaching threatens wildlife

       populations; deforestation; desertification

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto

       Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental

       Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer

       Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

       signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note:

       sandbanks create difficult access to a coast with no natural

       harbors, river mouths, or islands

      People Benin

      Population:

       7,460,025

       note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the

       effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower

       life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower

       population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of

       population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July

       2005 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 46.5% (male 1,752,243/female 1,719,458)

       15–64 years: 51.2% (male 1,868,630/female 1,948,610)

       65 years and over: 2.3% (male 70,367/female 100,717) (2005 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 16.56 years

       male: 16.12 years

       female: 17.01 years (2005 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       2.82% (2005 est.)

      Birth rate:

       41.99 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Death rate:

       13.76 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 85 deaths/1,000 live births

       male: 90 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 79.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 52.66 years

       male: 51.53 years

       female: 53.82 years (2005 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       5.86 children born/woman (2005 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       1.9% (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       68,000 (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       5,800 (2003 est.)

      Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, yellow fever, and others are high risks in some locations respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)

      Nationality:

       noun: Beninese (singular and plural)

       adjective: Beninese

      Ethnic groups:

       African 99% (42 ethnic groups, most important being Fon, Adja,

       Yoruba, Bariba), Europeans 5,500

      Religions:

       indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20%

      Languages:

       French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in

       south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north)

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 33.6%

       male: 46.4%

       female: 22.6% (2002 est.)

      Government Benin

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Republic of Benin

       conventional short form: Benin

       local long form: Republique du Benin

       local short form: Benin

       former: Dahomey

      Government type:

       republic under multiparty democratic rule; dropped Marxism-Leninism

       December 1989

      Capital:

       Porto-Novo is the official capital; Cotonou is the seat of

       government

      Administrative divisions:

       12 departments; Alibori, Atakora, Atlantique, Borgou, Collines,

       Kouffo, Donga, Littoral, Mono, Oueme, Plateau, Zou

      Independence:

       1 August 1960 (from France)

      National holiday:

       National Day, 1 August (1960)

      Constitution:

       December 1990

      Legal system:

       based on French civil law and customary law; has not accepted

       compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage:

       18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Mathieu KEREKOU (since 4 April 1996);

       note - the president is both the chief of state and head of

       government

       head of government: President Mathieu KEREKOU (since 4 April 1996);

       note - the president is both the chief of state and head of

       government

       cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president

       elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term;

       runoff election held 22 March 2001 (next to be held March 2006)

       election results: Mathieu KEREKOU reelected president; percent of

       vote - Mathieu KEREKOU 84.1%, Bruno AMOUSSOU 15.9%

       note: the four top-ranking contenders following the first-round

       presidential elections were: Mathieu KEREKOU (incumbent) 45.4%,

       Nicephore SOGLO (former president) 27.1%, Adrien HOUNGBEDJI

       (National Assembly Speaker) 12.6%, and Bruno AMOUSSOU (Minister of

       State) 8.6%; the second-round balloting, originally scheduled for 18

       March 2001, was postponed four days because both SOGLO and