The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: United States. Central Intelligence Agency
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Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations:

       AM 1, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)

      Radios:

       133,000 (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

       2 (1997)

      Televisions:

       41,000 (1997)

      Internet country code:

       .bz

      Internet hosts:

       2,613 (2003)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       2 (2000)

      Internet users:

       30,000 (2002)

      Transportation Belize

      Highways: total: 2,872 km paved: 488 km unpaved: 2,384 km (1999 est.)

      Waterways:

       825 km (navigable only by small craft) (2004)

      Ports and harbors:

       Belize City

      Merchant marine:

       total: 295 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,015,270 GRT/1,336,890 DWT

       by type: bulk carrier 25, cargo 207, chemical tanker 9, container 6,

       passenger/cargo 6, petroleum tanker 20, refrigerated cargo 17, roll

       on/roll off 5

       foreign-owned: 142 (Australia 2, Belgium 1, China 50, Cuba 1, Cyprus

       1, Estonia 9, Germany 4, Hong Kong 6, Indonesia 3, Italy 2, Japan 5,

       Latvia 4, Malaysia 1, Nigeria 1, Pakistan 1, Poland 2, Russia 23,

       Singapore 5, South Korea 6, Spain 3, Switzerland 1, Turkey 2,

       Ukraine 4, UAE 3, United States 2) (2005)

      Airports:

       43 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways:

       total: 5

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 1

       914 to 1,523 m: 2

       under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

       total: 38

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 1

       914 to 1,523 m: 11

       under 914 m: 26 (2004 est.)

      Military Belize

      Military branches:

       Belize Defense Force (BDF): Army, Maritime Wing, Air Wing, and

       Volunteer Guard

      Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient; conscription has never been implemented; volunteers typically outnumber available positions by 3:1 (2001)

      Manpower available for military service:

       males age 18–49: 60,750 (2005 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

       males age 18–49: 41,368 (2005 est.)

      Manpower reaching military service age annually:

       males: 3,209 (2005 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $18 million (2003)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       2% (2003)

      Transnational Issues Belize

      Disputes - international:

       Guatemalan squatters continue to settle in the largely uninhabited

       rain forests of Belize's border region; OAS is attempting to revive

       the 2002 failed Differendum that created a small adjustment to land

       boundary, a Guatemalan maritime corridor in Caribbean, joint

       ecological park for disputed Sapodilla Cays, and substantial US-UK

       financial package

      Illicit drugs:

       major transshipment point for cocaine; small-scale illicit producer

       of cannabis for the international drug trade; money-laundering

       activity related to narcotics trafficking and offshore sector

      This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Benin

      Introduction Benin

      Background:

       Present day Benin was the site of Dahomey, a prominent West African

       kingdom that rose in the 15th century. The territory became a French

       Colony in 1872 and achieved independence on 1 August 1960, as the

       Republic of Benin. A succession of military governments ended in

       1972 with the rise to power of Mathieu KEREKOU and the establishment

       of a government based on Marxist-Leninist principles. A move to

       representative government began in 1989. Two years later, free

       elections ushered in former Prime Minister Nicephore SOGLO as

       president, marking the first successful transfer of power in Africa

       from a dictatorship to a democracy. KEREKOU was returned to power by

       elections held in 1996 and 2001, though some irregularities were

       alleged.

      Geography Benin

      Location:

       Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Nigeria and

       Togo

      Geographic coordinates:

       9 30 N, 2 15 E

      Map references:

       Africa

      Area:

       total: 112,620 sq km

       land: 110,620 sq km

       water: 2,000 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

      Land boundaries:

       total: 1,989 km

       border countries: Burkina Faso 306 km, Niger 266 km, Nigeria 773 km,

       Togo 644 km

      Coastline:

       121 km

      Maritime claims:

       territorial sea: 200 nm

      Climate:

       tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

      Terrain:

       mostly flat to undulating plain; some hills and low mountains

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

       highest point: Mont Sokbaro 658 m

      Natural resources:

       small offshore oil deposits, limestone, marble, timber

      Land use: arable land: 18.08% permanent crops: 2.4% other: 79.52% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       120 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       hot, dry, dusty harmattan wind may affect north from December to