The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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reaching military service age annually:

       males: 21,103 (2005 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $338.5 million (2004)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       3.9% (2004)

      Transnational Issues Botswana

      Disputes - international:

       commission established with Namibia has yet to resolve small

       residual disputes along the Caprivi Strip, including the Situngu

       marshlands along the Linyanti River; downstream Botswana residents

       protest Namibia's planned construction of the Okavango hydroelectric

       dam at Popavalle (Popa Falls); Botswana has built electric fences to

       stem the thousands of Zimbabweans who flee to find work and escape

       political persecution; Namibia has long supported and in 2004

       Zimbabwe dropped objections to plans between Botswana and Zambia to

       build a bridge over the Zambezi River, thereby de facto recognizing

       their short, but not clearly delimited Botswana-Zambia boundary

      This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Bouvet Island

      Introduction Bouvet Island

      Background:

       This uninhabited volcanic island is almost entirely covered by

       glaciers and is difficult to approach. It was discovered in 1739 by

       a French naval officer after whom the island was named. No claim was

       made until 1825, when the British flag was raised. In 1928, the UK

       waived its claim in favor of Norway, which had occupied the island

       the previous year. In 1971, Bouvet Island and the adjacent

       territorial waters were designated a nature reserve. Since 1977,

       Norway has run an automated meteorological station on the island.

      Geography Bouvet Island

      Location:

       island in the South Atlantic Ocean, southwest of the Cape of Good

       Hope (South Africa)

      Geographic coordinates:

       54 26 S, 3 24 E

      Map references:

       Antarctic Region

      Area:

       total: 58.5 sq km

       land: 58.5 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries:

       0 km

      Coastline:

       29.6 km

      Maritime claims:

       territorial sea: 4 nm

      Climate:

       antarctic

      Terrain:

       volcanic; coast is mostly inaccessible

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: South Atlantic Ocean 0 m

       highest point: Olav Peak 935 m

      Natural resources:

       none

      Land use: arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (93% ice) (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       0 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       NA

      Environment - current issues:

       NA

      Geography - note:

       covered by glacial ice; declared a nature reserve

      People Bouvet Island

      Population: uninhabited (July 2005 est.)

      Government Bouvet Island

      Country name:

       conventional long form: none

       conventional short form: Bouvet Island

      Dependency status:

       territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the

       Ministry of Justice and Police from Oslo

      Legal system:

       the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply

      Flag description:

       the flag of Norway is used

      Economy Bouvet Island

      Economy - overview: no economic activity; declared a nature reserve

      Communications Bouvet Island

      Internet country code:

       .bv

      Communications - note:

       automatic meteorological station

      Transportation Bouvet Island

      Ports and harbors: none; offshore anchorage only

      Military Bouvet Island

      Military - note: defense is the responsibility of Norway

      Transnational Issues Bouvet Island

      Disputes - international: none

      This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Brazil

      Introduction Brazil

      Background:

       Following three centuries under the rule of Portugal, Brazil became

       an independent nation in 1822. By far the largest and most populous

       country in South America, Brazil overcame more than half a century

       of military intervention in the governance of the country when in

       1985 the military regime peacefully ceded power to civilian rulers.

       Brazil continues to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and

       development of its interior. Exploiting vast natural resources and a

       large labor pool, it is today South America's leading economic power

       and a regional leader. Highly unequal income distribution remains a

       pressing problem.

      Geography Brazil

      Location:

       Eastern South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean

      Geographic coordinates:

       10 00 S, 55 00 W

      Map references:

       South America

      Area:

       total: 8,511,965 sq km

       land: 8,456,510 sq km

       water: 55,455 sq km

       note: includes Arquipelago de Fernando de Noronha, Atol das Rocas,

       Ilha da Trindade, Ilhas Martin Vaz, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao

       Paulo

      Area - comparative: