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2 Processing Methods for Manufacture of Biobased Composites
P. Shenbaga Velu1, N. J. Vignesh2, and N. Rajesh Jesudoss Hynes2
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, P.S.R Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India
2.1 Introduction
Growing awareness among the people regarding the use of biodegradable materials instead of the great environmental killer (i.e. these plastic pollutants) has made scientists focus their research on biodegradable composites for more than a decade. These biocomposites have a wide range of applications, principally in automotive industries for parts such as door panels and inserts, rear trunk covers, side rims, tool box area, seat backs, dashboard, and parcel shelves. Nowadays, in addition to the automotive field, the aerospace industry also relies upon these biocomposites for the production of good‐quality, high‐strength, and thermally stable materials for making many critical parts of the aircraft. Their wide range of applications in various fields encourage the industries to focus on the various characterization techniques desirable to make these materials more commercial and also cost effective. In order to find the strength of these materials, these characterization techniques have become more prominent. Its growth in the field of biomedical engineering has fostered many practical and challenging applications in the biomedical field. The bigger challenge with these oil‐based polymers is the environmental issues, which has an indirect effect on the economic growth of the country. This has led to an increased urge for the innovation of biobased materials as an alternative. Also, there is poor sustainability of the petroleum products when it is seen from an environmental standpoint [1]. The advantage of using biobased materials is that they are environmental friendly and much safer for human use/intake when compared to petroleum‐based materials. Further, economic factors leading to hike in oil prices and their demand has resulted in ways of finding biobased materials of both natural and synthetic origin in order to drive away these crude oil‐based polymer materials. One such example of biobased advancements in the biomedical field is the biobased topicals that enhance salicylic acid delivery [2]. Such advancements in the field of medicine have led to the exploration of gel formulations contained in natural polymers for a way of increasing the penetrating capability of the salicylic acid drug delivery to treat acne vulgaris on the skin; moreover, it is safe enough to be used as a topical on human skin. In anticancer drug delivery system, the use of calcium carbonate nanoparticles helps to enhance drug delivery [3]. In order to achieve timely delivery of the drugs in porous structures, the diffusion process through a matrix of the drug has been used in these biobased drug delivery systems [1]. In the recent years, in osteopathic medicines, polyethylene has become a replacement for