Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century. Группа авторов

rel="nofollow" href="#ulink_f3991e33-e70e-5398-8a3f-061733afa66a">43.7 LEO Satellite Pseudorange, Carrier Phase, and Doppler Measurement Model 43.8 LEO Satellite Orbital Dynamics Model 43.9 Navigation Error Sources 43.10 Overview of Orbcomm LEO Satellite Constellation 43.11 Overview of Starlink LEO Satellite Constellation 43.12 Carrier‐Phase Differential Navigation with LEO Satellite Signals 43.13 STAN: Simultaneous Tracking and Navigation with LEO Satellites’ Signals 43.14 Dilution of Precision Analysis 43.15 Simulation Results 43.16 Experimental Results References

      8  Part E: Position, Navigation, and Timing Using Non-Radio signals of Opportunity 44 Inertial Navigation Sensors 44.1 Introduction 44.2 Inertial Navigation Performance 44.3 IMU Performance Classes 44.4 Accelerometer Taxonomy 44.5 Gyroscopes 44.6 Conclusion References 45 MEMS Inertial Sensors 45.1 Introduction to Micro‐Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) Inertial Sensors 45.2 MEMS Accelerometers 45.3 MEMS Gyroscopes 45.4 MEMS IMUs 45.5 Using MEMS Inertial Sensors in Navigation Solutions References 46 GNSS‐INS Integration 46.1 Main Principles of Inertial Navigation 46.2 Inertial Error Propagation 46.3 Loose Integration: Solution‐Domain Sensor Fusion 46.4 Tight Integration: Measurement‐Domain Sensor Fusion 46.5 Deep Integration: Sensor Fusion at the Signal Processing Level 46.6 Implementation Case Studies References 46 GNSS‐INS Integration A. Appendix References 47 Atomic Clocks for GNSS 47.1 Introduction 47.2 Basic Concepts 47.3 GNSS Space Clocks 47.4 Advanced Atomic Clocks for Future Use in Space 47.5 Einstein’s Relativity for Clocks near Earth – Brief Summary 47.6 Atomic Clocks on Earth Supporting GNSS 47.7 National Standards Laboratories 47.8 AFRs for GNSS Receivers 47.9 Chip Scale Atomic Clocks (CSACs) Acknowledgments References 48 Positioning Using Magnetic Fields 48.1 Introduction 48.2 Magnetic Field Sources 48.3 Magnetic Measurements and Instruments 48.4 Magnetometer Calibration Approaches 48.5 Absolute Positioning Using Magnetic Fields Disclaimer References 49 Laser‐Based Navigation 49.1 Introduction 49.2 Laser‐Based Sensor Technology and Their Observables 49.3 Laser‐Based Navigation Approaches 49.4 General Considerations References 50 Image‐Aided Navigation – Concepts and Applications 50.1 Introduction 50.2 Imaging System Model 50.3 Selection of Interest Areas 50.4 Correspondence Search 50.5 Pose Estimation 50.6 Monocular Image Navigation Issues 50.7 Application of Additional Information to the Image‐Aided Navigation Solution 50.8 Non‐Homogeneous Sensor Fusion 50.9 Conclusion References