Gastroenterological Endoscopy. Группа авторов

Endoscopy after Surgery

       Lower Endoscopy

       Endoscopic Surveillance in IBD

       Therapeutic Endoscopic Approaches in IBD

       Microscopic Colitis

       References

       39 Lower Intestinal Bleeding Disorders

       Alexander Meier and Helmut Messmann

       Introduction

       General Aspects

       Epidemiology

       Clinical Course and Prognosis

       Diagnostic Approach

       History

       Physical Examination

       Laboratory Studies

       Endoscopy

       Nonendoscopic Methods

       Differential Diagnosis

       Diverticula

       Vascular Diseases

       Inflammation

       Neoplasia

       Anorectal Diseases

       Therapy

       Initial Resuscitation

       Endoscopy

       Injection Therapy

       Thermocoagulation

       Topical Agents

       Hemospray (Cook Medical) TG 325

       EndoClot (EndoClot Plus Inc.)

       Ankaferd Blood Stopper (Ankaferd Health Products)

       Mechanical Methods

       Over-the-scope Clip System (OTSC) (Ovesco, Tübingen, Germany)

       Differential Endoscopic Therapy

       Diverticula

       Vascular Diseases

       Inflammation

       Neoplasia

       Bleeding after Colonic Polypectomy

       References

       40 Anorectal Diseases

       Disaya Chavalitdhamrong and Rome Jutabha

       Introduction

       Inflammation

       Crohn’s Disease

       Perianal Abscesses

       Anorectal Fistula

       Infection

       Chlamydial Infection

       Gonococcal Proctitis

       Herpes Simplex Virus

       Syphilis

       Lymphogranuloma Venereum

       Vascular Cause

       Ischemic Proctitis

       Radiation Proctitis

       Neoplasm

       Anal Cancer

       Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

       Mechanical Cause