• Alamycin Aerosol: active substance oxytetracycline. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Cyclo Spray: active substance chlortetracycline. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Engemycin Spray 3.84% w/w: active substance oxytetracycline. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Oxycare Spray: active substance oxytetracycline. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Tetcin Aerosol: active substance oxytetracycline. Zero meat and milk withhold.
Antiprotozoals
Antiprotozoal injectable preparations will be required by the ambulatory clinician in tropical and subtropical areas where blood-borne protozoan parasites cause massive problems in cattle. Specific treatments are given in Chapter 3 in the section dealing with the circulatory system (which also describes treatments for tropical diseases caused by other types of organisms). There is only one licensed product for the protozoal disease of babesiosis in the UK:
• Imizol Injection: imidocarb 85 mg/ml sub cut. Meat withhold 213 days. Milk withhold 21 days.
Cardiovascular and respiratory preparations
The preparation described here is not required to be carried as a routine if a NSAID is available:
• Bisolvon Injection: bromhexine hydro-chloride 3 mg/ml; 17 ml/100 kg im daily for 5 days. Meat withhold 28 days. Not to be used in lactating animals.
Dietary supplements and fluid metabolites
Metabolic diseases need to be treated urgently and therefore clinicians will require sources of injectable calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and dextrose. Thiamine by injection will also be needed urgently for the treatment of Cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN). Oral electrolytes will be an urgent requirement not only for adult cattle but also for calves. The list follows:
• Anivit 4BC Injection: thiamine 35 mg/ml, riboflavin 0.5 mg/ml, pyridoxine 7 mg/ml, nicotinamide 23 mg/ml and ascorbic acid 70 mg/ml; 20-30 ml/adult cow im, iv or sub cut (5-10 ml/calf) daily. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Anivit B12: vitamin B12 250 mcg/ml; 2-4 ml/calf im or sub cut; repeat in 7 days. Zero meat withhold.
• Anivit B12 1000 Micrograms/ml Injection: vitamin B12 1000 mcg/ml; 1-3 ml/adult cow im or sub cut (0.5-1 ml/calf) every 7 days. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Calciject 20 CM: calcium 5.92 g and magnesium 1.85 g in 400 ml; 400-800 ml/adult cow iv or sub cut. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Calciject 40: calcium 11.88 g/400 ml; 150-500 ml/adult cow iv or sub cut. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Calciject 40 CM: calcium 400 mg/ml and magnesium 50 mg/ml; 200-400 ml/adult cow. Zero meat and meat withhold.
• Calciject LV: calcium 4.2 g and magnesium 0.78 g in 100 ml; 100-200 ml/adult cow sub cut. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Combivit: thiamine 35 mg/ml, riboflavin 0.5 mg/ml, pyridoxine 7 mg/ml, nicotinamide 23 mg/ml and ascorbic acid 70 mg/ml; 20-30 ml/adult cow and 5-10 ml/calf im, iv or sub cut. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Duphafral Extravite Solution: thiamine 35 mg/ml, riboflavin 0.5 mg/ml, pyridoxine 7.0 mg/ml, nicotinamide 23 mg/ml and ascorbic acid 70 mg/ml; 20-30 ml/cow sub cut, im or iv daily (calves 5-10 ml). Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Duphafral Multivitamin 9: retinol 15,000 IU/ml, cholecalciferol 25 mcg/ml, alpha-tocopheryl acetate 20 mg/ml, thiamine 10 mg/ml, riboflavin 5 mg/ml, pyridoxine 3 mg/ml, nicotinamide 35 mg/ml, dexpanthenol 25 mg/ml and cyanocobalamin 25 mcg/ml; 20-30 ml/cow im or sub cut (5-10 ml/calf). Meat withhold 28 days. Zero milk withhold.
• Duphalyte: combination of B-complex vitamins, electrolytes, amino acids and dextrose; 100 ml/50 kg iv for adults; 30 ml/5 kg for calves. May be followed up by sub cut injections. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Effydral Effervescent Tablet: sodium chloride 2.34 g, potassium chloride 1.12 g, sodium bicarbonate 6.72 g, citric acid 3.84 g, lactose 32.44 g and glycine 2.25 g per tablet; 1 tablet/l water 2-3 times daily for calves. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Forketos Oral Solution for Cattle and Sheep: propylene glycol 80% v/v and cobalt sulfate heptahydrate 0.1 % w/v; 2 ml/kg (maximum dose 120 ml) orally, repeat in 8 h. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Glucose 40%: glucose 40% w/v; 1 mg/kg iv repeat in 6 h. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Intravit 12: cyanobalamin 0.5 g/ml; 2-5 ml/adult cow im or sub cut, 1-3 ml/calf. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Ketol: propylene glycol 0.8 ml/ml + mineral glycerophosphates, choline, cobalt, iodine; adult cows 225 ml orally twice daily for 1 day, then 115 ml twice daily for 3 days. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Lectade Powder for Oral Solution: glycine 6.18 g, citric acid 0.48 g, potassium citrate 0.12 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.08 g and sodium chloride 8.58 g in sachet A; glucose 44.61 g in sachet B; add both sachets to 2 l water; calves 2 l orally twice daily for 2 days. Zero meat withhold.
• Lectade Plus Powder for Oral Solution: glycine 3.01 g, sodium chloride 4.59 g, sodium citrate 0.66 g, potassium citrate 3.24 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.36 g and sodium acid citrate 1.80 g in sachet A; glucose 62.69 g in sachet B; add both sachets to 2 l water; calves 2 l orally twice daily for 2 days. Zero meat withhold.
• Life Aid Xtra: electrolyte powder 83.74 g/sachet; calves 1 sachet/l warm water fed orally twice daily for 2 days. Zero meat withhold.
• Liquid Life-Aid: concentrated aqueous solution for dilution with 11.5 times its own volume of water; calves 2 l orally twice daily for 2 days. Zero meat withhold.
• Magniject Injection: magnesium sulfate 25% w/v; 400 ml/cow as a single injection sub cut. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Multivitamin Injection: vitamin A 15,000 IU/ml, vitamin D 25 mcg/ml, vitamin E 20 mg/ml, vitamin B1 10 mg/ml, vitamin B2 5 mg/ml, vitamin B6 3 mg/ml, nicotinamide 35 mg/ml, dexpanthenol 25 mg/ml and vitamin B12 25 mcg/ml; 20-30 ml/adult (5-10 ml/calf) im or sub cut, repeated in 10-14 days. Meat withhold 28 days. Zero milk withhold.
• Vitbee 250: vitamin B12 0.025% w/v; 2-4 ml/calf im or sub cut. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Vitesel Emulsion for Injection: alpha-tocopheryl acetate 68 mg/ml and potassium selenate 1.5 mg/ml; calves 1-2 ml/45 kg im repeated in 2-4 weeks. Zero meat withhold.
Other medicines
The four medicines (five products) listed below are all required, mainly for parturition cases:
• Adrenacaine Solution for Injection for Cattle: procaine hydrochloride 50 mg/ml and adrenaline 0.02 mg/ml. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Dopram-V Drops: doxapram hydro-chloride 20 mg/ml; 2-5 ml/calf sublingually. Newborn calves meat withhold 28 days.
• Dopram-V Injection: doxapram hydro-chloride 20 mg/ml; calves 2-5 ml iv, im, sub cut or sublingually. Newborn calves meat withhold 28 days.
• Oxytocin S: oxytocin 10 IU/ml; 0.2-1 ml/cow im. Zero meat and milk withhold.
• Planipart Solution for Injection 30 micrograms/ml: clenbuterol 30 mcg/ml; 10 ml per cow iv. Meat withhold 14 days. Milk withhold 60 h.
Sheep Medicines
Anti-inflammatory preparations
There are no licensed products for sheep in the UK. Anti-inflammatory preparations licensed for cattle should be used in sheep, goats and South American camelids (SACs) under the cascade principle. Clinicians who