150
Vladimirtsov; Life of Genghis p. 12; Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan pp. 15–16; Olbricht 8i Pinks, Meng-tapei-lup. 3.
151
SHO pp. 127–128; SHR pp. 74–75; Togan, Flexibility pp. 68–69.
152
SHO pp. 127–128; SHR pp. 74–75; Togan, Flexibility pp. 69–70.
153
The Tanguts had an unfortunate habit of supporting all the losers on the steppes (Khazanov, Nomads pp. 234–236).
154
Togan, Flexibility pp. 70–72.
155
K. Uray-Kohalmi, ‘Siberische Parallelen zur Ethnographie der geheimen Geschichte der Mongolen,’ in Ligeti, Mongolian Studies pp. 247–264 (at pp. 262–263).
156
L. V Clark, ‘The Theme of Revenge in the Secret History of the Mongols,’ in Clark & Draghi, Aspects of Altaic Civilization рр. 33–57; Clark, ‘From the Legendary Cycle of Cinggis-gayan: The Story of an Encounter with 300 Yayichiud from the Allan Tobci,’ Mongolian Studies 5 (1979) рр. 5–39 (at pp. 37–38).
157
RT i p. 134; SHC pp. 11–13.
158
Rachewiltz says that the name of this earlier wife ‘cannot be determined despite many scholarly efforts’ (Rachewiltz, Commentary p. 313). Ratchnevsky, however, (Genghis Khan pp. 15–16, 224) is adamant that her name was Suchigu or Suchikel, sometimes referred to as Ko’agchin.
159
For the Ongirrad subclan as Hoelun’s home see Pelliot & Hambis, Campagnes pp. 402–409; Vladimirtsov Le regime social pp. 58–59. The Buriyat have generated a considerable literature. See Lattimore, Mongols of Manchuria p. 61; Atwood, Encyclopedia p. 61; Eric Haenisch, Die Geheime Geschichte p. 112; Elena Skubuik, ‘Buryat,’ in Hahnunen, Mongolian Languages pp. 102–128; Lincoln, Conquest pp. 51–52; West, Encyclopedia (2009) pp. 132–133. Travellers’ tales on the Buriyat include Sharon Hudgins, ‘Feasting with the Buriats of Southern Siberia,’ in Walker, Food on the Move pp. 136–156; Curtin, A Journey; Matthiessen, Baikal.
160
Rashid’s date of 1155 was followed by the early twentieth-century Russian historians Vladimirtsov and Barthold. Pelliot, always a contrarian, proposes the impossibly late date of 1167 (Pelliot, Notes sur Marco Polo i pp. 281–288). But the best authorities such as Rachewiltz and Ratchnevsky plump for 1162. See the detailed argumentation in Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan pp. 17–19; Rachewiltz, Commentary pp. 320–321.
161
Rachewiltz, Commentary pp. 269, 272, 322–324.
162
SHC p. 14; Pelliot, Notes sur Marco Polo i pp. 288–289; Dunnell, Chinggis Khan p. 21 remarks that this was apt for a child of destiny.
163
Rachewiltz, Commentary p. 322.
164
RT i p. 135; Pelliot & Hambis, Campagnes pp. 171–175.
165
RT i p. 106; Gumilev, Imaginary Kingdom p. 142. For the game of knucklebones they played see Jean-Paul Roux, ‘A propos des osselets de Gengis Khan,’ in Heissig et al, Tractata Altaica pp. 557–568. Cf also F. N. David, Games, Gods and Gambling p. 2.
166
Vladimirtsov Le regime social op. cit. p. 76; Pelliot & Hambis, Campagnes p. 232; Wittfogel & Feng, Liao p. 239.
167
Ratchnevsky, ‘La condition de la femme mongole au 12/13е siecle,’ in Heissig et al, Tractata Altaica pp. 509–530.
168
Togan, ‘The Qongrat in History/ in-Pfeiffer & Quinn, History and Historiography pp. 61–83; Pelliot & Hambis, Campagnes pp. 393, 402–405; Wittfogel & Feng, Liao pp. 92, 634.
169
SHC p. 15; SHW p. 243; Pelliot & Hambis, Campagnes pp. 423–429.
170
Togan, ‘The Qongrat in History/ p. 74.
171
Henry Serruys, ‘Two Remarkable Women in Mongolia,’ Asia Major 19 (1957) pp. 191–245.
172
Mostaert, Sur quelques passages pp. 10–12.
173
SHC p. 17.
174
Riasanovsky, Fundamental Principles p. 239.
175
Zhao, Marriage as Political Strategy p. 4.
176
SHR p. 14; Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan p. 14. Dai Sechen’s dream was full of symbolism, especially as regards shading, since white was regarded as a lucky colour by the Mongols (Rachewiltz, Commentary p. 328).
177
Togan, Flexibility pp. 121–125.
178
L. V Clark, ‘The Theme of Revenge,’ pp. 33–57.
179
SHC p. 18.
180
Silvestre de Sacy, Chrestomathie arabe ii p. 162.
181
Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan p. 22.
182
Rachewiltz, Commentary p. 344.
183
RT i p. 133.
184
Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan p. 22.
185
May, Mongol Conquests p. 266.
186
SHC p. 22; Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan pp. 20, 24.
187
Rachewiltz, Commentary pp. 346–347.
188
RT i p. 138.