Московские французы в 1812 году. От московского пожара до Березины. Софи Аскиноф. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: Софи Аскиноф
Издательство: "Кучково поле"
Серия:
Жанр произведения: Биографии и Мемуары
Год издания: 0
isbn: 978-5-9950-0252-9
Скачать книгу
полную легальную версию на ЛитРес.

      Безопасно оплатить книгу можно банковской картой Visa, MasterCard, Maestro, со счета мобильного телефона, с платежного терминала, в салоне МТС или Связной, через PayPal, WebMoney, Яндекс.Деньги, QIWI Кошелек, бонусными картами или другим удобным Вам способом.

      Примечания

      1

      Автор ошибается, Нижний Новгород находится не в Сибири (прим. ред.).

      2

      Толкование терминов и описание города оставлено в полном соответствии с авторским текстом (прим. ред.).

      3

      Постройку стены относят к 1585–1591 годам (прим. ред.).

      4

      из ничего (лат.) (Прим. пер.).

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