17 Section VI: Thoracoscopic Surgical Procedures 31 Thoracoscopic and Thoracoscopic‐Assisted Lung Biopsy and Lung Lobectomy Preoperative Considerations Patient Evaluation and Preparation Surgical Techniques Postoperative Care References 32 Thoracoscopic Pericardial Window and Subtotal Pericardectomy in Dogs and Cats Preoperative Considerations Patient Preparation Surgical Technique Complications and Prognosis Postoperative Care References 33 Thoracoscopic Placement of Epicardial Pacemakers Preoperative Considerations Surgical Approach Patient Preparation Surgical Technique Complications and Prognosis Postoperative Care References 34 Right Auricular Mass Resection Relevant Pathophysiology Diagnostic Workup and Imaging Patient Selection Required Instrumentation Surgical Technique Challenges Specific to the Technique Complications and Prognosis Postoperative Care References 35 Minimally Invasive Treatment of Chylothorax Preoperative Considerations; Etiology of Disease Treatment of Chylothorax Surgical Management Patient Preparation Surgical Techniques Surgical Techniques Intraoperative Lymphangiography Postoperative Care Complications Conclusion References 36 Thoracoscopic Treatment of Vascular Ring Anomalies Preoperative Considerations Patient Evaluation and Preparation Surgical Technique Intraoperative Complications Conversion Postoperative Care References 37 Thoracoscopic Mediastinal Mass Resection Preoperative Considerations Patient Preparation Surgical Technique Postoperative Care, Complications, and Prognosis References 38 Minimally Invasive Cancer Staging in the Thorax Diagnostic Thoracoscopy and Biopsy Lymphatic Staging Preoperative Considerations Patient Preparation Surgical Technique Complications and Challenges Postoperative Care References
18 Section VII: Surgery facilitated by Exoscopy 39 Exoscopy in Small Animal Surgery: General Utilization and Pituitary Surgery Exoscopy Use in General Small Animal Surgery