PDF, primary dryland forest; PMF, primary mangrove forest; PSF, primary swamp forest; SDF, secondary dryland forest; SMF, secondary mangrove forest; SSF, secondary swamp forest; PF, plantation forest, ECL, estate cropland; PDA, pure dry agriculture; MDA, mixed dry agriculture; DSL, dry shrubland; WSL, wet shrubland; PRF, paddy/rice field; SA, settlement areas, TA, transmigration areas; PH, port and harbor; OS, open swamp; FPA, fish pond/aquaculture; BG, bare ground; MA, mining areas; OW, open water; t1 and t2, year.
References
1 Achard, F., Beuchle, R., Mayaux, P. et al. (2014). Determination of tropical deforestation rates related carbon loss from 1990 to 2010. Global Change Biology 20: 2540–2554. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12605.
2 Agrawal, A., Nepstad, D., and Chhatre, A. (2011). Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 36: 373–396. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev‐environ‐042009‐094508.
3 Agus,