11 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Taken from figure 4 in [1].Figure 11.2 Single parasitic element pattern from figure 5 in [1].Figure 11.3 9‐Parasitic element pattern from figure 6 in [1].Figure 11.4 Electronically modulated TACAN antenna from figure 3 in [2].Figure 11.5 Modulator circuit from figure 6 in [2].Figure 11.6 Coarse bearing acquisition, figures 8–20 from [4].Figure 11.7 SBX‐1 in Hawaii from [5].Figure 11.8 SBX‐1 phased array from [5].Figure 11.9 Topside antenna growth on U.S. Navy ships from [6].Figure 11.10 AMRFC concept from [6].Figure 11.11 Transmit array from [6].Figure 11.12 Receive array from [6].Figure 11.13 Receive beamformer from [6].Figure 11.14 AMRFC test bed at Chesapeake Bay Detachment Facility NRLFigure 11.15 Receive and transmit array configurations to support RF functio...Figure 11.16 Normal scenario configuration of AMRFC [6].Figure 11.17 Example of wavelength scaled array with three different flared ...Figure 11.18 Three different sized flared notch radiators used in figure 12....Figure 11.19 Simulations taking into account transitions between element typ...Figure 11.20 Wavelength scaled array configuration for examining end effects...Figure 11.21 Element scanning results for the array configuration in Figure ...Figure 11.22 Designed prototype from [7].Figure 11.23 T/R module using SiGe and GaAs from [7].Figure 11.24 Phasor concept.Figure 11.25 Vector modulator phase shifter from [9].Figure 11.26 8‐Element X/Ku‐Band phased array chipset from [10].Figure 11.27 8‐Element X/Ku‐Band phased array micrograph.Figure 11.28 Vector modulator phase shifter performance from [10].Figure 11.29 Simulated radiation patterns from S‐parameter results from [10]...Figure 11.30 Four‐channel T/R phased array chipset on Si from [11].Figure 11.31 Micrograph of four‐channel T/R phased array chipset on Si from ...Figure 11.32 EW/IO/Comms aperture for InTop.Figure 11.33 DARPA ACT module from [12]. (a) shows a common sub‐array module...Figure 11.34 ACT digital beamforming [13].Figure 11.35 ACT digital beamforming NRE versus analog beamforming NRE [13]....Figure 11.36 Walden curve from [13].Figure 11.37 ACT common module developed by Rockwell Collins from [13].Figure 11.38 DARPA MIDAS concept from [14].Figure 11.39 M/A‐COM 1–8 GHz true time delay chipset from [15].Figure 11.40 Measured response of the M/A‐COM 1–8 GHz true time delay chipse...Figure 11.41 TTD array from [15].Figure 11.42 Measured array patterns from [15].
12 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 4‐Bit RF MEMS‐based phase shifter from [1].Figure 12.2 Measured and simulated phase response for all phase state from [...Figure 12.3 Fabricated 3‐bit RF MEMS phase shifter from [2].Figure 12.4 Measured phase response from [2].Figure 12.5 Kymeta holographic antenna from [3].Figure 12.6 LO‐based phase shift approach from [4].Figure 12.7 LO‐based phase shift approach from [4] showing the LO generation...Figure 12.8 Die micrograph of an eight‐element LO‐based phase shifting phase...Figure 12.9 IF‐based phase shift approach from [5].Figure 12.10 Micrograph of RFIC from [5] using IF based phase shifters.Figure 12.11 RF‐based phase shifting from [7].Figure 12.12 6‐Bit phase shifter MMIC in GaAs from [8].Figure 12.13 Silicon phase shifter utilizing vector modulator approach from ...Figure 12.14 Unit circle phasor description.Figure 12.15 Vector modulator phase shifter in K‐band from [6].Figure 12.16 Vector modulator 4‐bit phase shifter measured phase response in...Figure 12.17 8‐Channel K‐band phased array chipset in silicon germanium from...Figure 12.18 Micrograph of RFIC from [7] showing a 8‐channel K‐Band Phased A...Figure 12.19 Developed prototype Ku‐band phased array utilizing commercial s...Figure 12.20 Measured azimuth scanning beam patterns at 13 GHz on vertical p...Figure 12.21 Measured elevation scanning beam patterns at 13 GHz on vertical...Figure 12.22 Measured de‐embedded gain of the antenna array.Figure 12.23 Measured beam pattern with Taylor weighting for 25 dB sidelobe ...Figure 12.24 Ku‐band ROHACELL phased array under test.Figure 12.25 Phased array board stackup [11].Figure 12.26 Simulated broadside gain comparison between all PCB and ROHACEL...Figure 12.27 Cross‐section of PCB with ROHACELL.Figure 12.28 Measured azimuth scanning beam pattern at 15 GHz on vertical po...Figure 12.29 Measured elevation scanning beam pattern at 15 GHz on horizonta...Figure 12.30 Measured broadside gain comparison [11].Figure 12.31 Post simulation comparison on single antenna element [11].Figure 12.32 Photograph of the fabricated prototype array.Figure 12.33 (a) Simulated LHCP beam scan patterns for azimuth plane at 12.5...Figure 12.34 Measured co‐ and cross‐polarization gain across frequency for L...Figure 12.35 (a) LHCP AR azimuth scan and (b) LHCP AR elevation scan.Figure 12.36 Developed 64‐element T/R phased array at 28 GHz.Figure 12.37 Phased array under test in anechoic chamber.Figure 12.38 Simulation and measurement of azimuth scan at 45°‐Pol, 28 GHz....Figure 12.39 Measured and simulated peak gain.Figure 12.40 Measured (a) Taylor and (b) Bayliss weighted pattern.Figure 12.41 Geometry and coordinate system of the parabolic‐cylindrical ref...Figure 12.42 PO‐computed current density using MATLAB for the offset parabol...Figure 12.43 PO‐computed broadside 2D normalized radiation pattern of the of...Figure 12.44 Photograph of fabricated dual linear‐polarized phased array ant...Figure 12.45 Photograph of the fabricated parabolic‐cylindrical reflector us...Figure 12.46 Measured normalized co‐polarization beam steering radiation pat...Figure 12.47 The simulated peak directivity of the proposed parabolic‐cylind...
Guide
6 Preface
7