You haven’t cleaned your room.
Have you cleaned your room at last?
Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Have you cleaned your room or your flat (house…garden)?
What have you done?
What have you cleaned?
Who has cleaned your room? (What room have you cleaned?)
Наконец-то ты отнес свой велосипед в подвал! You have carried your bicycle in the cellar at last.
You haven’t carried your bicycle in the cellar.
Have you carried your bicycle in the cellar at last?
Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Have you carried your bicycle in the cellar or in the attic (garage…balcony)?
What have you done?
What have you carried?
Who has carried your bicycle in the cellar?
Exercise 4
Кот съел рыбу. The cat has eaten fish.
The cat hasn’t eaten fish.
Has the cat eaten fish?
Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has the cat eaten fish or meat (bread…cooked cereal)?
What has it done?
What has the cat eaten?
Who has eaten fish?
Эта собака укусила его. This dog has bitten him.
This dog hasn’t bitten him.
Has this dog bitten him?
Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has this dog bitten him or her (cat…mouse)?
What has it done?
What has this dog bitten?
Who has bitten him?
Этот орангутанг избил свою самку. This orangutan has beaten its female.
This orangutan hasn’t beaten its female.
Has this orangutan beaten its female?
Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has this orangutan beaten its female or a visitor (that orangutan…man)?
What has it done?
Who(m) has this orangutan beaten?
Who has beaten its female?
Очень злой медведь появился в нашем лесу. A very angry bear has appeared in our forest.
A very angry bear hasn’t appeared in our forest.
Has a bear appeared in our forest?
Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has a bear appeared in our forest or garden (zoo…city)?
What has it done?
Where has the bear appeared?
Who has appeared in our forest?
Моя кошка поймала мышку. My cat has caught a mouse.
My cat hasn’t caught a mouse.
Has my cat caught a mouse?
Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has my cat caught a mouse or a fish (dog…bird)?
What has it done?
What has the cat caught?
Who has caught a mice?
Собака попила воды. The dog has drunk some water.
The dog hasn’t drunk any water.
Has the dog drunk any water?
Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has the dog drunk any water or beer (tea…coffee)?
What has it done?
What has the dog drunk?
Who has drunk any water?
Тигр атаковал льва. The tiger has attacked the lion.
The tiger hasn’t attacked the lion.
Has the tiger attacked the lion?
Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has the tiger attacked the lion or the man (bird…mice)?
What has it done?
What has the tiger attacked?
Who has attacked the lion?
Эта кошка избежала наказания. This cat has avoided punishment.
This cat hasn’t avoided punishment.
Has this cat avoided punishment?
Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has this cat avoided punishment or a promotion (praise…meat)?
What has it done?
What has this cat avoided?
Who has avoided punishment?
Exercise 5
Мы почувствовали радость. We have felt joy.
We haven’t felt joy.
Have we felt joy?
Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have we felt joy or sorrow (grief…cold)?
What have we done?
What have we felt?
Who has felt joy?
Мы высоко оценили вашу доброту. (appreciate) We have appreciated your kindness.
We haven’t appreciated your kindness.
Have we appreciated your kindness?
Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have we appreciated your kindness or politeness (decision…step)?
What have we done?
What have we appreciated?
Who has appreciated your kindness?
Мы подрались с ними. We have fought with them.
We haven’t fought with them.
Have we fought with them?
Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have we fought with them or with him (her…you)?
What have we done?
Who have we fought with?
Who has fought with them?
Мы одобрили его решение. We have approved his decision.
We haven’t approved his decision.
Have we decision his solution?
Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have we approved his decision or behavior (plan…project)?
What have we done?
What have we approved?
Who has approved his decision?
Мы