Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture. Группа авторов. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: Группа авторов
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited
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Жанр произведения: Техническая литература
Год издания: 0
isbn: 9781118799499
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0–2 — 0–2 S 64–66 24–25 9.5–10 <0.2 — — 0 <0.3 — — S (derivative) 55–65 23–26 9–15 — — — 0–4 <1 — —

      a C‐Glass (China) is specified by Chinese Standard JC583‐1995.

      b A‐glass fiber (close to window glass composition) has low hydrolytic resistance, sensitive to moisture attack at room temperature, and, hence, is inappropriate for GRP composite applications.

      c ZrO2 in AR‐glass is specified by ASTM C1666/C1666M‐08.

      2.1.4 AR‐Glass

      As named for its alkali‐resistant properties, AR‐glass fiber was invented in the mid‐1960s and first commercialized by Pilkington Brothers in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s under the trade name Cem‐Fil®. It was presented as a glass fiber option for reinforcing concrete structures. The glass chemistry was actually developed by a chemist at the Building Research Establishment and licensed to Pilkington by the National Research and Development Corporation, leading to its initial commercial application. The glass chemistry is primarily comprised of Na2O, CaO, ZrO2, and SiO2 with a small amount of Al2O3. The higher Al2O3 found in most commercial glass fibers results in lower ZrO2 solubility. Unlike E‐CR fibers, AR‐glass fiber offers high resistance to alkaline corrosion as well as to acid corrosion. This resistance is attributed to the formation of a protective layer rich in ZrO2 on the fiber surface in corrosive media. Because of the relatively high Na2O and low Al2O3 levels, the fiber modulus and tensile strength are lower than for E‐glass fibers despite the high concentration of ZrO2. The overall higher production and material cost of AR‐glass limits its utility to challenging fiber applications in cement reinforcement. Current developments are focused on increasing ZrO2 solubility to improve further corrosion resistance and to improve melting and fiber‐forming costs.

      2.1.5 D‐Glass


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Fiberglass Fiber density ρ (g/cm3) Pristine strength σf (GPa) Sonic modulus E (GPa) Dielectric constant Dk (1 GHz) Coefficient thermal expansion CTE (10−6/oC) Softening temperature Tsoft (oC) Liquidus temperature Tliq (oC) Forming temperature TF (oC) Melting temperature TM (oC)
E (including E‐CR) 2.60–2.65 2.8–3.5 70–85 6.6–7.1 5.4–5.9 846–920 1080–1220 1180–1282 1345–1460
C (China) C (Europe) 2.53 2.52 2.6 3.3 65 69 7.5 — 8.4 — — 750 1095 1127 1217 1157 1469 1400
A 2.46 3.0 62 10.6 9.0 704 996 1185 1443
AR 2.68–2.78 3.2–3.7 73–77 820–847 1049–1192 1237–1247 1430–1467
D 2.11–2.14 2.4‐2.5 52–55 3.8–4.0 3.1 771 953