Advanced Laser Surgery in Dentistry. Georgios E. Romanos

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      Table of Contents

      1  Cover

      2  Title Page

      3  Copyright Page

      4  Dedication Page

      5  About the Author

      6  List of Contributors

      7  Preface

      8  Acknowledgement

      9  1 Laser Fundamental Principles 1.1 Historical Background 1.2 Energy Levels and Stimulated Emission 1.3 Properties of the Laser Light 1.4 The Laser Cavity 1.5 Laser Application Modes 1.6 Delivery Systems 1.7 Applicators 1.8 Laser Types Based on the Active Medium 1.9 Laser and Biological Tissue Interactions References

      10  2 Lasers and Wound Healing 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Wound Healing and Low Power Lasers 2.3 Wound Healing and High‐Power Lasers 2.4 Lasers and Bone Healing References

      11  3 Lasers in Oral Surgery 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Basic Principles 3.3 Excision Biopsies 3.4 Removal of Benign Soft Tissue Tumors 3.5 Removal of Drug‐Induced Gingival Hyperplasias and Epulides 3.6 Removal of Soft Tissue Cysts 3.7 Frenectomies and Vestibuloplasties 3.8 Removal of Precancerous Lesions (Leukoplakia) 3.9 Surgical Removal of Malignant Soft Tissue Tumors 3.10 Laser Coagulation 3.11 Lasers in Vascular and Pigmented Lesions 3.12 Exposure of Impacted, Unerupted Teeth 3.13 Removal of Sialoliths Using the Laser References

      12  4 Lasers and Bone Surgery 4.1 Introduction 4.2 CO₂ Laser 4.3 Excimer Laser 4.4 Er:YAG and Ho:YAG Lasers 4.5 Laser Systems for Clinical Dentistry References

      13  5 Lasers in Periodontology 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Laser‐Assisted Bacteria Reduction in Periodontal Tissues 5.3 Removal of Subgingival Calculus 5.4 Removal of Pocket Epithelium 5.5 Retardation of the Epithelial Downgrowth 5.6 Laser Application in Gingivectomy and Gingivoplasty 5.7 Laser‐Assisted Hemostasis in Periodontics 5.8 Photodynamic Therapy in Periodontology 5.9 Gingival Troughing for Prosthetic Restorations 5.10 Fractional Photothermolysis in Periodontology 5.11 Education and Future of Lasers in Periodontal Therapy References

      14  6 Lasers and Implants 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Laser‐Assisted Surgery Before Implant Placement and Implant Exposure 6.3 Laser Application During Function 6.4 Laser Applications in Peri‐implantitis Treatment 6.5 Recent Laser Research on Implants 6.6 Implant Removal 6.7 Laser‐Assisted Implant Placement 6.8 Future of Laser Dentistry in Oral Implantology