77
См.: Totten v. United States, 92 U.S. 105 (1875).
78
Обычно подобные вопросы Верховный Суд интерпретирует как "политические вопросы" и относит их к компетенции исполнительной и законодательной властей. См.: Foster v. Neilson, 2 Pet. (27 U. S.) 253 (1829).
79
См.: Prize Cases 2 Bl. (67 U.S.) 635 (1863).
80
См.: Totten v. United States, 92 U.S. 105 (1875).
81
См.: The Federalist, No. 69, J. Cooke ed., 1961, P.465.
82
См.: 1 Stat. 424 (1795); 2 Stat. 443 (1807).
83
См.: Martin v. Mott, 12 Wheat, (25 U.S.) 19, 32-33 (1827).
84
См.: William Corson The Armies of Ignorense. The New York 1977. P.593.
85
См.: The Constitution of the United States, Articles in addition to, and Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America. Art. II, sec. 2. Цит. по: Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary, N. J. 1989, P. 1702.
86
См.: 333 U.S. 103 (1948).
87
См.: Hayburn,s Case, 2 Dall. (2 U.S.) 409 (1792).
88
См.: Bishop Joseph Bucklin, Theodore Roosevelt and His Time. Vol. II. New York, Scribners, 1920. P. 94.
89
См.: Correspondence of the Military Intelligence Division Relating to "Negro Subversion" 1917-1941// National Archives Trust Fund Board National Archives and Records Administration. Washington: 1987. P.1-3.
90
War Between United States and Germany. Declared by Joint Res. April 6, 1917, 40 Stat. 1.
91
Kahn David, The Codebreakers: the Story of Secret Writing. New York: Scribner:1996. P. 352.
92
См.: Yardley, Herbert O. The American Black Chamber, Bobbs-Merrill, Indianapolis: 1931. P. 21-22.
93
См.: Hannah Theodore M., The Many Lives of Herbert O. Yardley. «UNCLASSIFIED». NSA Cryptologic Spectrum: 1981. P . 5.
94
См.: Memorandum from Brigadier General Marlborough Churchill, Director of Military Intelligence, to the Chief of Staff, 16 May 1919, subject: Permanent Organization for Code and Cipher Investigation and Attack.
95
Свое название новая служба получила по ассоциации с английской «black chamber», созданной Джоном Уоллисом (John Wallis) и французской «cabinet noir», созданной Антуаном Россиньолем (Antoine Rossignol), предшественников современных криптографических служб, которые еще в XVII веке осуществляли прочтение тайнописных текстов, вскрывали шифры и перлюстрировали почтовые отправления в так называемых «черных кабинетах».
96
См.: Hannah Theodore M., The Many Lives of Herbert O. Yardley. «UNCLASSIFIED». NSA Cryptologic Spectrum: 1981. P. 7.
97
Ibid., P. 8.
98
См.: Historical Background of the Signal Security Agency, published, in three volumes, by the Army Security Agency, Washington, D.C., 12 April 1946. Vol. 3, P.45.
99
См.: David Kahn, The Reader of Gentlemen’s Mail : Herbert O. Yardley and the Birth of American Codebreaking. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004. P.101.
100
См.: Statement for Record of Participation of Brigadier General Carter W. Clarke. GSC, In the Transmittal of Letters From General George C. Marshall to Governor Thomas E. Dewey, the Latter Part of September 1944. P. 12.
101
См.: Yardley, Herbert O. The American Black Chamber, Bobbs-Merrill, Indianapolis: 1931. P. 370.
102
Hearings before House Appropriation Committee on Sundry Civil Appropriation for 1909. P. 774;
103
Congressional Record, vol.42, P. 5554-5560; Congressional Record, vol.43, P. 458, 460, 462, 463, 655-657, 662-663, 672, 678, 2192, 3132.
104
Congressional Record, vol.42, P. 5555.
105
Congressional Record, vol.43, P. 656, 662-663, 672, 678-679.
106
An Act Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nine, and for other purposes. May 27,1908. 35 U.S. Stat. 328.
107
Annual Report of the United States Attorney General for 1909 year, P. 8-10.
108
Title pages of Uniform Crime Reports for 1934 and 1935.
109
Congressional Record, vol.43, P. 303, 311, 699, 3795-3801. House Res. 480 (60th Congress, 2nd Sess.), 1909; Sen. Res. 233(60th Congress 2nd Sess.), 1909.
110
Hearings before Selected Committee on ApproP. For the