which recurs in many Algonkin dialects, and is derived by Mr. Trumbull from a root signifying "to lay hold of," or "to hold fast." The second was
lennochum or
lenchum, which means "the quadruped belonging to man;"
lenno, man;
chum, a four-footed beast. The third was
moekaneu, a name derived from a general Algonkin root, in Cree,
mokku, meaning "to tear in pieces," from which the Delaware word for bear,
machque, has its origin, and also, significantly enough, the verb "to eat" in some dialects.
Footnote_92_92
History of West New Jersey, p. 3 (London, 1698).
Footnote_93_93
Bulletin Hist. Soc. of Penna., 1848, p. 32.
Footnote_94_94
E. M. Ruttenber, History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson River, p. 96, note.
Footnote_95_95
Maximilian, Prince of Wied, Travels in America, p. 35.
Footnote_96_96
A Key into the Language of America, p. 105.
Footnote_97_97
Documentary History of New York, Vol. III, pp. 29, 32.
Footnote_98_98
Grammar of the Language of the Lenni Lenape, pp 108-109.
Footnote_99_99
They are given, with translations, in Zeisberger's Grammar, p. 109.
Footnote_100_100
See Loskiel, Geschichte der Mission, etc., pp. 32, 33; Heckewelder, History of the Indian Nations, chap. X.
Footnote_101_101
Dr. Charles C. Abbott, Primitive Industry, pp. 71, 207, 347, 379, 384, 390, 391. Dr. Abbott's suggestion that the bird's head seen on several specimens might represent the totem of the Turkey gens of the Lenape cannot be well founded, if Heckewelder is correct in saying that their totemic mark was only the foot of the fowl. Ind. Nations, p. 253.
Footnote_102_102
See Proceedings Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. X.
pgepubid00084
The subject is discussed, and comparative drawings of the native signatures reproduced, by Prof. D. B. Brunner, in his useful work, The Indians of Berks County, Pa., p. 68 (Reading, 1881).
Footnote_104_104
John Richardson's Diary, quoted in An Account of the Conduct of the Society of Friends toward the Indian Tribes, pp. 61, 62 (London, 1844).
Footnote_105_105
History and Statistics of the Indian Tribes, Vol. I, plate 47, B, and pages 353, 354
Footnote_106_106
"Amiable and benevolent," says Heckewelder, whose life he aided in saving on one occasion. Indian Nations, p. 285.
Footnote_107_107
E. de Schweinitz, Life of Zeisberger, p. 469.
Footnote_108_108
Relation des Jesuites, 1646, p. 33
Footnote_109_109
Baraga, A Dictionary of the Otchipwe Language, s. v.
Footnote_110_110
For an example, see de Schweinitz, Life of Zeisberger, p. 342.
Footnote_111_111
Documentary History of New York, Vol. IV, p. 437.
Footnote_112_112
Journal of Conrad Weiser; in Early History of Western Penna., p. 16.
Footnote_113_113
Tran. Am. Phil. Soc., Vol. IV, p. 384.
Footnote_114_114
A Dictionary of the Abnaki Language, s. v. Peinture.
Footnote_115_115
See ante p. 53. Mr. Francis Vincent, in his History of the State of Delaware, p. 36 (Phila., 1870), says of the colored earth of that locality, that it is "a highly argillaceous loam, interspersed with large and frequent masses of yellow, ochrey clay, some of which are remarkable for fineness of texture, not unlike lithomarge, and consists of white, yellow, red and dark blue clay in detached spots."
The Shawnees applied the same word to Paint Creek, which falls into the Scioto, close to Chilicothe. They named it Alamonee sepee, of which Paint Creek is a literal rendering. Rev. David Jones, A Journal of Two Visits to the West Side of the Ohio in 1772 and 1773, p. 50.
Footnote_116_116
Key into the Language of America, p. 206
Footnote_117_117
Lawson, in his New Account of Carolina, p. 180, says that the natives there bore in mind their traditions by means of a "Parcel of Reeds of different Lengths, with several distinct Marks, known to none but themselves." James Adair writes of the Southern Indians "They count certain very remarkable things by notched square sticks, which are distributed among the head warriors and other chieftains of different towns." History of the Indians, p. 75.
Footnote_118_118
Dr Edwin James, Narrative of John Tanner, p. 341
Footnote_119_119
George Copway, Traditional History of the Ojibway Nation, pp 130, 131.
Footnote_120_120
Schoolcraft, Indian Tribes, Vol. I, p. 339.
Footnote_121_121
Brainerd, Life and Journal, p. 410.
Footnote_122_122
E. de Schweinitz, Life and Times of Zeisberger, p. 92.
Footnote_123_123
Mass. Hist. Soc. Colls., 4th series, Vol. IX, where Captain Young's journal is printed.
Footnote_124_124
Heckewelder MSS. in Amer Phil. Soc. Lib.
Footnote_125_125
An Account of the Conduct of the Society of Friends toward the Indian Tribes, p. 72 (London, 1844).
"in books recorded. May, like hoarded Household words, no more depart!"
Footnote_126_126
The records of my own family furnish an example of this. My ancestor, William Brinton, arrived in the fall of 1684, and, with his wife and children, immediately took possession of a grant in the unbroken wilderness, about twenty miles from Philadelphia. A severe winter set in; their food supply was exhausted, and they would probably have perished but for the assistance of some neighboring lodges of Lenape, who provided them with food and shelter. It is, therefore, a debt of gratitude which I owe to this nation to gather its legends, its language, and its memories, so that they,
Footnote_127_127
A Discourse on the Aborigines of the Valley of the Ohio, p. 25 (Cinn., 1838). I add the further testimony of John Brickell, who was a captive among them from 1791 to 1796. He speaks of them as fairly virtuous and temperate, and adds: "Honesty, bravery and hospitality are cardinal virtues among them." Narrative of Captivity among the Delaware Indians, in the American Pioneer, Vol. I, p. 48 (Cincinnati, 1844).
Footnote_128_128
Life and Journal, p. 381
Footnote_129_129
"Others imagined the Sun to be the only deity, and that all things were made by him." David Brainerd, Life and Journal, p. 395.
Footnote_130_130
Loskiel, Geschichte der Mission, p. 55.
Footnote_131_131
David Brainerd, Life and Journal, pp. 395, 399.
Footnote_132_132
D. G. Brinton, The Myths of the New World, chap. vi; American Hero Myths, chap
