31 Index
List of Tables
1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Taxonomic classification of common Artiodactylaa.Table 1.2 Characteristics of South American camelids.Table 1.3 Weights and sizes of South American camelids.Table 1.4 Characteristics of camels.Table 1.5 Approximate number of years that certain animals have been domesti...
2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Behaviors typical of South American camelids when calm and fearful...
3 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Characterization of microbial populations and associated metabolic...Table 3.2 Water requirements for llamas and alpacas.Table 3.3 Total dissolved solids or substances (TDS) as a measure of water q...Table 3.4 Water quality guidelines for livestock based on dissolved mineral ...Table 3.5 Nutrient requirements for South American camelids.aTable 3.6 Nutrient requirements for dromedary camels.aTable 3.7 Summarized macromineral functions and disease conditions.Table 3.8 Recommended macromineral requirements for South American camelids.Table 3.9 Summarized micromineral functions and disease conditions.Table 3.10 Recommended micromineral requirements for South American camelids...Table 3.11 Composition of Peruvian llama and alpaca pasture plants.Table 3.12 Chemical composition of selected plants eaten by dromedary camels...Table 3.13 Calculated forage intake as a percent of body weight (% BW) based...Table 3.14 Comparison of the nutrient composition of grasses cut at the same...Table 3.15 Composition of selected grasses used for pasture and hay in feedi...Table 3.16 Nutrient composition of legumes cut at 1/10 bloom (all values on ...Table 3.17 Nutrient composition of legumes forages for llamas and alpacas.a,...Table 3.18 Suggested dietary composition for SAC feeding groups.Table 3.A.1 Conversion of conventional units to Système International units ...Table 3.A.2 Glossary of terms used in feeding and nutrition.
4 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Checklist of basic data to collect for any examination.Table 4.2 Checklist for physical examination of llamas and alpacas.Table 4.3 Typical weight and height of camelids.Table 4.4 Physical exam parameters of camelids.Table 4.5 Orogastric tube sizes for llamas and alpacas.Table 4.6 Synovial fluid reference ranges for camelids.
5 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Technique chart used at The Ohio State University for making digit...
6 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Endotracheal tubes for camelids.
7 Chapter 7Table 7.1 External parasites of South American camelids [3, 80].Table 7.2 Protozoan parasites of camelids [3, 80].Table 7.3 Coccidia of South American camelids.Table 7.4 Coccidia of camels.Table 7.5 Trematode and cestode parasites of camelids [3, 80].Table 7.6 Nematode parasites of camelids [3, 80].Table 7.7 Anthelmintics used in camelids [5].
8 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Growth of the llama.
9 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Definition of terms used to describe hair, wool, and camelid fiber...Table 9.2 Milk composition (as fed).
10 Chapter 10Table 10.1 Complications following fracture repair in SACs.Table 10.2 Grades of patellar luxation with their respective description.
11 Chapter 12Table 12.1 Dental formulas of camelids and ruminants.Table 12.2 Eruption of SAC and Camel teeth.Table 12.3 Comparison of ruminant and camelid stomach compartments.Table 12.4 Selected biochemical parameters and blood gases from SACs with hy...
12 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Comparison of T3 and T4 values from various studies.
13 Chapter 14Table 14.1 CBC reference intervals for adult llamas, alpacas, and camels.Table 14.2 Antigen expression on selected leukocyte subsetsa.Table 14.3 Biochemistry reference intervals for adult llamas, alpacas, and c...Table 14.4 Peritoneal and pleural fluid analysis in clinically healthy adult...Table 14.5 CSF analysis in clinically healthy adult llamas and dromedary cam...
14 Chapter 16Table 16.1 Mean testicular size (length × transverse axis) and weight in lla...Table 16.2 Semen characteristics of llamas and alpacas [17].Table 16.3 Measurements of female SAC reproductive organs.Table 16.4 Causes of fetal and maternal dystocia.Table 16.5 Llama reproduction examination – female.Table 16.6 Llama reproduction examination – male.Table 16.7 Sperm analysis of 22 alpacas and 8 llamas.Table 16.8 Checklist for a female intended as a breeder.Table 16.9 Checklist for a male intended for a breeder.
15 Chapter 17Table 17.1 Normal camelid urinalysis.Table 17.2 Urinalysis in selected diseases.Table 17.3 Composition of urinary calculi recovered from llamas at the Veter...
16 Chapter 20Table 20.1 Cria scoring system.Table 20.2 Camelid birthing record.Table 20.3 Colostrum composition (as fed).Table 20.4 Causes of failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulins.Table 20.5 Bottle baby feeding schedule.Table 20.6 Milk composition (as fed) [52].Table 20.7 Some companies manufacturing lamb and kid milk replacers in the U...Table 20.8 Composition of Land O′ Lakes milk replacers and llama milk.Table 20.9 Cria Weight schedule.
17 Chapter 21Table 21.1 Congenital conditions in lamoids.Table 21.2 Poisonous plants with teratogenic effects in livestock.Table 21.3 Homologies of male and female reproductive systems.
18 Chapter 22Table 22.1 Heavy metal poisoning in camelids.Table 22.2 Poisonous plants that may affect llamas on trek.Table 22.3 Additional plants that may cause poisoning in SACs.Table 22.4 Poisonous plants that may affect camels.
19 Chapter 23Table 23.1 Sedation.Table 23.2 Darting combinations.
List of Illustrations
1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Dromedary camel cow nursing her calf ().Figure 1.2 Bactrian camel.Figure 1.3 (a) Wild Bactrian camel from the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. (b) Mul...Figure 1.4 Guanaco ().Figure 1.5 Geographic distribution of undomesticated