13 9 Determination of Heavy Metal Ions From Water 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Detection of Heavy Metal Ions 9.3 Conclusions References
14 10 The Production and Role of Hydrogen-Rich Water in Medical Applications 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Functional Water 10.3 Reduced Water 10.4 Production of Hydrogen-Rich Water 10.5 Mechanism Hydrogen Molecules During Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging 10.6 Hydrogen-Rich Water Effects on the Human Body 10.7 Other Effects of Hydrogenated Water 10.8 Applications of Hydrogen-Rich Water 10.9 Safety of Using Hydrogen-Rich Water 10.10 Concluding Remarks References
15 11 Hydrosulphide Treatment 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Conclusions References
16 12 Radionuclides: Availability, Effect, and Removal Techniques 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Existing Techniques and Materials Involved in Removal of Radionuclide 12.3 Summary of Various Nanomaterial and Efficiency of Water Treating Technology 12.4 Management of Radioactive Waste 12.5 Conclusion References
17 13 Applications of Membrane Contactors for Water Treatment 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Characteristics of Membrane Contactors 13.3 Membrane Module Configurations 13.4 Mathematical Aspects of Membrane Contactors 13.5 Advantages and Limitations of Membrane Contactors 13.6 Membrane Contactors as Alternatives to Conventional Unit Operations 13.7 Applications 13.8 Conclusions and Future Prospects References
18 14 Removal of Sulfates From Wastewater 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Effect of Sulfate Contamination on Human Health 14.3 Groundwater Distribution of Sulfate 14.4 Traditional Methods for Sulfate Removal 14.5 Modern Day’s Technique for Sulfate Removal 14.6 Conclusions and Future Perspective Acknowledgements References
19 15 Risk Assessment on Human Health With Effect of Heavy Metals 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Toxic Effects Heavy Metals on Human Health 15.3 Biomarkers and Bio-Indicators for Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination References
20 16 Water Quality Monitoring and Management: Importance, Applications, and Analysis 16.1 Qualitative Analysis: An Introduction to Basic Concept 16.2 Significant Applications of Qualitative Analysis 16.3 Qualitative Analysis of Water 16.4 Existing Water Quality Standards 16.5 Quality Assurance and Quality Control 16.6 Conclusions References
21 17 Water Quality Standards 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Chemical Standards for Water Quality 17.3 Inorganic Substances and Their Effect on Palatability and Household Uses 17.4 The Philosophy of Setting Standards for Drinking Water (Proportions and Concentrations of Water Components) 17.5 Detection of Polychlorinated Biphenyls 17.6 The Future Development of Water Analysis 17.7 Conclusion References