Industrial Carbon and Graphite Materials. Группа авторов. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: Группа авторов
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited
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Жанр произведения: Техническая литература
Год издания: 0
isbn: 9783527674053
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CARBON

      GRAPHITIZATION

      GRAPHITIZATION HEAT TREATMENT

      GRAPHITIZED CARBON

      GREEN COKE

      HARD AMORPHOUS CARBON FILMS

      HEXAGONAL GRAPHITE

      HIGH‐PRESSURE GRAPHITIZATION

      HIGHLY ORIENTED PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE

      ISOTROPIC CARBON

      ISOTROPIC PITCH‐BASED CARBON FIBERS

      LAMP BLACK

      MESOGENIC PITCH

      MESOPHASE PITCH

      MESOPHASE PITCH‐BASED CARBON FIBERS

      METALLURGICAL COKE

      MICROPOROUS CARBON

      MPP‐BASED CARBON FIBERS

      NATURAL GRAPHITE

      NEEDLE COKE

      NON‐GRAPHITIC CARBON

      NON‐GRAPHITIZABLE CARBON

      NUCLEAR GRAPHITE

      PAN‐BASED CARBON FIBERS

      PARTICULATE CARBON

      PETROLEUM COKE

      PETROLEUM PITCH

      PITCH

      PITCH‐BASED CARBON FIBERS

      POLYCRYSTALLINE GRAPHITE

      POLYGRANULAR CARBON

      POLYGRANULAR GRAPHITE

      PREMIUM COKE

      PUFFING INHIBITOR

      PYROLYTIC CARBON

      PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE

      RAW COKE

      RAYON‐BASED CARBON FIBERS

      REGULAR COKE

      RHOMBOHEDRAL GRAPHITE

      SEMICOKE

      SOOT

      SPHERICAL CARBONACEOUS MESOPHASE

      STABILIZATION TREATMENT OF THERMOPLASTIC PRECURSOR FIBERS FOR CARBON FIBERS

      STRESS GRAPHITIZATION

      SYNTHETIC GRAPHITE

      THERMAL BLACK

      Acetylene Black

      Description

      ACETYLENE BLACK is a special type of CARBON BLACK formed by an exothermic decomposition of acetylene. It is characterized by the highest degree of aggregation and crystalline orientation when compared with all types of CARBON BLACK.

      See: CARBON BLACK.

      Notes

      ACETYLENE BLACK must not be confused with the CARBON BLACK produced as a by‐product during the production of acetylene in the electric arc process.

      See:CARBON BLACK.

      Acheson Graphite

      Description

      ACHESON GRAPHITE is a SYNTHETIC GRAPHITE made by the Acheson process.

      See: SYNTHETIC GRAPHITE.

      Notes

      Reference to Acheson in combination with SYNTHETIC GRAPHITE honors the inventor of the first technical GRAPHITIZATION. Today the term ACHESON GRAPHITE, however, is of historical interest only because it no longer covers the plurality of SYNTHETIC GRAPHITE.

      See: SYNTHETIC GRAPHITE.

      Description

      ACTIVATED CARBON is a porous CARBON MATERIAL, a CHAR that has been subjected to reaction with gases, sometimes with the addition of chemicals, e.g. ZnCl2, before, during, or after CARBONIZATION in order to increase its adsorptive properties.

      See: CARBON MATERIAL, CARBONIZATION, CHAR.

      Notes

      ACTIVATED CARBONS have a large adsorption capacity, preferably for small molecules, and are used for purification of liquids and gases. By controlling the process of CARBONIZATION and activation, a variety of active carbons having different porosity can be obtained. ACTIVATED CARBONS are used mainly in granular and powdered forms but can also be produced in textile form by controlled CARBONIZATION and activation of textile fibers. Other terms used in the literature are active carbons and active charcoals.

      See: CARBONIZATION.

      Activated Charcoal

      Description

      ACTIVATED CHARCOAL is a traditional term for ACTIVATED CARBON.

      See: ACTIVATED CARBON.

      Agranular Carbon

      Description

      AGRANULAR CARBON is a monogranular or monolithic CARBON MATERIAL with homogeneous microstructure that does not exhibit any structural components distinguishable by optical microscopy.

      See: CARBON MATERIAL.

      Notes

      The above definition of a homogeneous microstructure does not pertain to pores and structural components of extinction, which may be visible by contrast differences in optical microscopy with polarized light. As a consequence, GLASS‐LIKE CARBON with visible pores is still an AGRANULAR CARBON. The same is true, for instance, for PYROLYTIC CARBON with preferred orientation, such as conical or lamellar structures, visible in optical microscopy with polarized light. The use of the term AGRANULAR CARBON is not restricted to bulk materials of a minimum size. Only PARTICULATE CARBON should be excluded even if the isolated particles exhibit a homogeneous microstructure.

      See: GLASS‐LIKE CARBON, PARTICULATE CARBON, PYROLYTIC CARBON.

      Amorphous Carbon

      Description

      See: CARBON MATERIAL, DIAMOND‐LIKE CARBON.

      Notes

      The term AMORPHOUS CARBON is restricted to the description of CARBON MATERIALS with localized π electrons as described by Anderson [4]. Deviations in the