not self-sufficient in food grains
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70–89), $294 million; Western
(non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970–89), $2.9
billion; Communist countries (1970–89), $113 million
Currency:
1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates:
CFA francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 592.05 (January 1994), 283.16 (1993),
264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989)
note:
beginning 12 January 1994 the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per
French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Burkina, Communications
Railroads:
620 km total; 520 km Ouagadougou to Cote d'Ivoire border and 100 km
Ouagadougou to Kaya; all 1.00-meter gauge and single track
Highways:
total:
16,500 km
paved:
1,300 km
unpaved:
improved earth 7,400 km; unimproved earth 7,800 km (1985)
Airports:
total:
48
usable:
38
with permanent-surface runways:
2
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440–3,659 m:
2
with runways 1,220–2,439 m:
8
Telecommunications:
all services only fair; microwave radio relay, wire, and radio
communication stations in use; broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 2 TV;
1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
@Burkina, Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police, People's
Militia
Manpower availability:
males age 15–49 2,013,763; fit for military service 1,029,960
Defense expenditures:
$NA, NA% of GDP
@Burma, Geography
Location:
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and
Thailand
Map references:
Asia, Southeast Asia, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
678,500 sq km
land area:
657,740 sq km
comparative area:
slightly smaller than Texas
Land boundaries:
total 5,876 km, Bangladesh 193 km, China 2,185 km, India 1,463 km,
Laos 235 km, Thailand 1,800 km
Coastline:
1,930 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
24 nm
continental shelf:
200 nm or to the edge of continental margin
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
none
Climate:
tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest
monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild
temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon,
December to April)
Terrain:
central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands
Natural resources:
petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal,
some marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas
Land use:
arable land:
15%
permanent crops:
1%
meadows and pastures:
1%
forest and woodland:
49%
other:
34%
Irrigated land:
10,180 sq km (1989)
Environment:
current issues:
deforestation
natural hazards:
subject to destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and
landslides common during rainy season (June to September)
international agreements:
party to - Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,
Tropical Timber; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate
Change, Law of the Sea
Note:
strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes
@Burma, People
Population:
44,277,014 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.86% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
28.45 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
9.84 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
63.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
59.98 years
male:
57.94 years
female:
62.15 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
3.64 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Burmese (singular and plural)
adjective:
Burmese
Ethnic divisions:
Burman 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Mon 2%, Indian