The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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installed between all major cities; the major networks are

       entirely digital and the availability of telephone service is being

       improved; however, telephone density is presently minimal, and

       making telephone service universally available will take time

       domestic: microwave radio relay, fiber-optic cable, and a domestic

       satellite system with 40 earth stations serve the trunk network;

       more than 110,000 pay telephones are installed and mobile telephone

       use is rapidly expanding

       international: country code - 54; satellite earth stations - 8

       Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); Atlantis II and Unisur submarine cables;

       two international gateways near Buenos Aires (1999)

      Radio broadcast stations:

       AM 260 (including 10 inactive stations), FM NA (probably more than

       1,000, mostly unlicensed), shortwave 6 (1998)

      Radios:

       24.3 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

       42 (plus 444 repeaters) (1997)

      Televisions:

       7.95 million (1997)

      Internet country code:

       .ar

      Internet hosts:

       742,358 (2003)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       33 (2000)

      Internet users:

       4.1 million (2002)

      Transportation Argentina

      Railways:

       total: 34,091 km (167 km electrified)

       broad gauge: 20,594 km 1.676-m gauge (141 km electrified)

       standard gauge: 2,885 km 1.435-m gauge (26 km electrified)

       narrow gauge: 10,375 km 1.000-m gauge; 237 km 0.750-m gauge (2004)

      Highways:

       total: 215,471 km

       paved: 63,348 km (including 734 km of expressways)

       unpaved: 152,123 km (1999)

      Waterways:

       11,000 km (2004)

      Pipelines:

       gas 27,166 km; liquid petroleum gas 41 km; oil 3,668 km; refined

       products 2,945 km; unknown (oil/water) 13 km (2004)

      Ports and harbors:

       Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Concepcion del Uruguay, La Plata, Punta

       Colorada, Rosario, San Lorenzo-San Martin, San Nicolas

      Merchant marine:

       total: 26 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 149,007 GRT/212,620 DWT

       by type: bulk carrier 2, cargo 9, chemical tanker 1, passenger 1,

       passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 7, refrigerated cargo 2, roll

       on/roll off 1

       foreign-owned: 2 (Chile 1, Uruguay 1)

       registered in other countries: 23 (2005)

      Airports:

       1,334 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways:

       total: 144

       over 3,047 m: 4

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 26

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 62

       914 to 1,523 m: 44

       under 914 m: 8 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

       total: 1,190

       over 3,047 m: 2

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 2

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 50

       914 to 1,523 m: 569

       under 914 m: 567 (2004 est.)

      Military Argentina

      Military branches:

       Argentine Army, Navy of the Argentine Republic (includes Naval

       Aviation and Marines), Argentine Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Argentina,

       FAA)

      Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2001)

      Manpower available for military service:

       males age 18–49: 8,981,886 (2005 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

       males age 18–49: 7,316,038 (2005 est.)

      Manpower reaching military service age annually:

       males: 344,575 (2005 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $4.3 billion (FY99)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       1.3% (FY00)

      Military - note:

       the Argentine military is a well-organized force constrained by the

       country's prolonged economic hardship; the country has recently

       experienced a strong recovery, and the military is now implementing

       "Plan 2000," aimed at making the ground forces lighter and more

       responsive (2005)

      Transnational Issues Argentina

      Disputes - international:

       Argentina claims the UK-administered Falkland Islands (Islas

       Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands in its

       constitution; it briefly occupied the Falklands in 1982, but in 1995

       agreed no longer to seek settlement by force; territorial claim in

       Antarctica partially overlaps UK and Chilean claims (see Antarctic

       disputes); unruly region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay

       borders is locus of money laundering, smuggling, arms and illegal

       narcotics trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations;

       uncontested dispute between Brazil and Uruguay over Braziliera

       Island in the Quarai/Cuareim River leaves the tripoint with

       Argentina in question

      Illicit drugs:

       used as a transshipment country for cocaine headed for Europe and

       the US; some money-laundering activity, especially in the Tri-Border

       Area; domestic consumption of drugs in urban centers is increasing

      This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Armenia

      Introduction Armenia

      Background:

       Armenia prides itself on being the first nation to formally adopt

       Christianity (early 4th century). Despite periods of autonomy, over

       the centuries Armenia came under the sway of various empires

       including the Roman, Byzantine, Arab, Persian, and Ottoman. It was

       incorporated into Russia in 1828 and the USSR in 1920. Armenian

       leaders remain preoccupied by the long conflict with Muslim