The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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varied widely from the official rate

      Fiscal year:

       21 March - 20 March

      Communications Afghanistan

      Telephones - main lines in use:

       33,100 (2002)

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

       15,000 (2002)

      Telephone system:

       general assessment: very limited telephone and telegraph service

       domestic: telephone service improving with the establishment of two

       mobile phone operators by 2003; telephone main lines remain weak

       with only 0.1 line per 10 people

       international: country code - 93; five VSAT's installed in Kabul,

       Herat, Mazar-e-Sharif, Kandahar, and Jalalabad provide international

       and domestic voice and data connectivity

      Radio broadcast stations:

       AM 21, FM 23, shortwave 1 (broadcasts in Pashtu, Afghan Persian

       (Dari), Urdu, and English) (2003)

      Radios:

       167,000 (1999)

      Television broadcast stations: at least 10 (one government-run central television station in Kabul and regional stations in nine of the 32 provinces; the regional stations operate on a reduced schedule; also, in 1997, there was a station in Mazar-e Sharif reaching four northern Afghanistan provinces) (1998)

      Televisions:

       100,000 (1999)

      Internet country code:

       .af

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       1 (2000)

      Internet users:

       1,000 (2002)

      Communications - note:

       in March 2003 'af' was established as Afghanistan's domain name;

       Internet access is growing through Internet cafes as well as public

       "telekiosks" in Kabul that are part of a nationwide network proposed

       by the Transitional Authority for Internet access (2002)

      Transportation Afghanistan

      Highways: total: 21,000 km paved: 2,793 km unpaved: 18,207 km (1999 est.)

      Waterways: 1,200 km note: chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up to 500 DWT (2004)

      Pipelines:

       gas 387 km (2004)

      Ports and harbors:

       Kheyrabad, Shir Khan

      Airports:

       47 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 10 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 37 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 11 (2004 est.)

      Heliports: 5 (2004 est.)

      Military Afghanistan

      Military branches:

       Afghan National Army (includes Afghan Air Force), Afghan Militia

       Force (AMF) (2005)

      Military service age and obligation:

       22 years of age; inductees are contracted into service for a 4-year

       term (2005)

      Manpower available for military service:

       males age 22–49: 4,952,812 (2005 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

       males age 22–49: 2,662,946 (2005 est.)

      Manpower reaching military service age annually:

       males: 275,362 (2005 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $188.4 million (2004)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       2.6% (2004)

      Transnational Issues Afghanistan

      Disputes - international:

       the UN has been able to repatriate over two million Afghan refugees

       but several million more continue to reside in Iran and Pakistan in

       camps and elsewhere, many at their own choosing; Coalition and

       Pakistani forces continue to patrol remote tribal areas to control

       the borders and stem organized terrorist and other illegal

       cross-border activities; regular meetings between Pakistani and

       Coalition allies aim to resolve periodic claims of boundary

       encroachments; occasional conflicts over water-sharing arrangements

       with Amu Darya and Helmand River states

      Refugees and internally displaced persons:

       IDPs: 167,000 - 200,000 (mostly Pashtuns and Kuchis displaced in

       south and west due to drought and instability) (2004)

      Illicit drugs:

       world's largest producer of opium; cultivation of opium poppy

       reached unprecedented level of 206,700 hectares in 2004; counterdrug

       efforts largely unsuccessful; potential opium production of 4,950

       metric tons; potential heroin production of 582 metric tons if all

       opium was processed; source of hashish; many narcotics-processing

       labs throughout the country; drug trade source of instability and

       some antigovernment groups profit from the trade; 80–90% of the

       heroin consumed in Europe comes from Afghan opium; vulnerable to

       narcotics money laundering through informal financial networks

      This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Akrotiri

      Introduction Akrotiri

      Background:

       By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the

       independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and

       jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers in

       total: Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these

       is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as

       the Western Sovereign Base Area.

      Geography Akrotiri

      Location:

       peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus

      Geographic coordinates:

       34 37 N, 32 58 E

      Map references:

       Middle East

      Area:

       total: 123 sq km

       note: includes a salt lake and wetlands

      Area - comparative:

       about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: total: 47.4 km border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km

      Coastline:

       56.3 km

      Climate: