Myths and Legends of the Great Plains. Various

were the Indians when the Thunder Gods rolled. Vows made to them must be kept, for relentless were they.

      “Oh, grandfather,” prayed the Indian when the sky was black and the lightning flashed, as he filled a pipe with tobacco and offered it skyward, “Oh, grandfather! I am very poor. Somewhere make those who would injure me leave a clear space for me.” Then he put the sacred green cedar upon the fire—the cedar which stayed awake those seven nights and therefore does not lose its hair every winter—and the smoke from the sacred, burning wood, rolling upward, appeased the rolling Thunders.

      The authorities used in this compilation are those found in the annual reports of the Bureau of American Ethnology and the Publications of the United States Geographical and Geological Survey: contributions to North American Ethnology. Of the various ethnologists whose work has been used, those of especial importance are Alice C. Fletcher, whose wonderful work among the Omaha and Pawnee Indians is deserving of the most careful study, J. Owen Dorsey, James Mooney, and S. R. Riggs.

      No claim whatever is made for original work. Indeed, original work of any kind in a compilation such as this would impair the authenticity of the myths, and therefore destroy the value of this work. Nor has any effort been made towards “style.” The only style worth having in telling an Indian legend is that of the Indian himself.

      K. B. J.

      Seattle, Washington.

ILLUSTRATIONS

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	PAGE
Bianki’s Vision	Frontispiece
Woman’s Costume	32
An Elderly Omaha Beau	33
Tattooing, Showing Conventional Design of the Peace Pipe	42
Bull Boat	43
German Knights and Indian Warriors	56
Rivalry over the Buffalo	70
Capture of a Wandering Buffalo	71
Five Chiefs of the Ogalla Sioux	84
Old Horse	85
Siouan Tents	96
An Arapahoe Bed	97
Indian Scaffold Cemetery on the Missouri River	110
An Omaha Village, Showing Earth Lodge and Conical Tepees	111
Black Coyote	122
Ornamentation on the Reverse of an Arapahoe “ghost-dance” Shirt	123
“Killed two Arikara chiefs”	132
Many Tongues, or Loud Talker	133
Petroglyph in Nebraska	144
Plains Indians Dragging Brush for a Medicine Lodge	156
An Earth Lodge	157
Kansa Chief	168
Big Goose	169
Omaha Assault on a Dakota Village	186
“Killed ten men and three women”	187

MYTHS AND LEGENDS OF THE GREAT PLAINS

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THE CREATION

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      Osage (Wazhá zhe group)

      Way beyond, once upon a time, some of the Osages lived in the sky. They did not know where they came from, so they went to Sun. They said, “From where did we come?”

      He said, “You are my children.”

      Then they wandered still further and came to Moon.

      Moon said, “I am your mother; Sun is your father. You must go away from here. You must go down to the earth and live there.”

      So they came to the earth but found it covered with water. They could not return up above. They wept, but no answer came to them. They floated about in the air, seeking help from some god; but they found none.

      Now all the animals were with them. Elk was the finest and most stately. They all trusted Elk. So they called to Elk, “Help us.”

       Then Elk dropped into the water and began to sink. Then he called to the winds. The winds came from all sides and they blew until the waters went upwards, as in a mist. Now before that the winds had traveled in only two directions; they went from north to south and from south to north. But when Elk called to them, they came from the east, from the north, from the west, and from the south. They met at a central place; then they carried the waters upwards.

      Now at first the people could see only the rocks.