The 2010 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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service:

      males age 16–49: 22,776 (2010 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 18,338

      females age 16–49: 17,395 (2010 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 396

      female: 350 (2010 est.)

      Military - note:

      defense is the responsibility of France and Spain

      Transnational Issues ::Andorra

      Disputes - international:

      none

      page last updated on January 12, 2011

      ======================================================================

      @Angola (Africa)

      Introduction ::Angola

      Background:

      Angola is rebuilding its country after the end of a 27-year civil war in 2002. Fighting between the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, followed independence from Portugal in 1975. Peace seemed imminent in 1992 when Angola held national elections, but fighting picked up again by 1996. Up to 1.5 million lives may have been lost - and 4 million people displaced - in the quarter century of fighting. SAVIMBI's death in 2002 ended UNITA's insurgency and strengthened the MPLA's hold on power. President DOS SANTOS held legislative elections in September 2008 and, despite promising to hold presidential elections in 2009, has since made a presidential poll contingent on the drafting of a new constitution.

      Geography ::Angola

      Location:

      Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Democratic Republic of the Congo

      Geographic coordinates:

      12 30 S, 18 30 E

      Map references:

      Africa

      Area:

      total: 1,246,700 sq km country comparison to the world: 23 land: 1,246,700 sq km

      water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative:

      slightly less than twice the size of Texas

      Land boundaries:

      total: 5,198 km

      border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,511 km (of which 225 km is the boundary of discontiguous Cabinda Province), Republic of the Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zambia 1,110 km

      Coastline:

      1,600 km

      Maritime claims:

      territorial sea: 12 nm

      contiguous zone: 24 nm

      exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

      Climate:

      semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)

      Terrain:

      narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau

      Elevation extremes:

      lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

      highest point: Morro de Moco 2,620 m

      Natural resources:

      petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium

      Land use:

      arable land: 2.65%

      permanent crops: 0.23%

      other: 97.12% (2005)

      Irrigated land:

      800 sq km (2003)

      Total renewable water resources:

      184 cu km (1987)

      Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):

      total: 0.35 cu km/yr (23%/17%/60%)

      per capita: 22 cu m/yr (2000)

      Natural hazards:

      locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau

      Environment - current issues:

      overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures; desertification; deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams; inadequate supplies of potable water

      Environment - international agreements:

      party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

      signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note:

      the province of Cabinda is an exclave, separated from the rest of the country by the Democratic Republic of the Congo

      People ::Angola

      Population:

      13,068,161 (July 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 70

      Age structure:

      0–14 years: 43.5% (male 2,812,359/female 2,759,047)

      15–64 years: 53.7% (male 3,496,726/female 3,382,440)

      65 years and over: 2.7% (male 153,678/female 195,043) (2010 est.)

      Median age:

      total: 18 years

      male: 18 years

      female: 18 years (2010 est.)

      Population growth rate:

      2.063% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 49

      Birth rate:

      43.33 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 7

      Death rate:

      23.74 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 1

      Net migration rate:

      1.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 55

      Urbanization:

      urban population: 57% of total population (2008)

      rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2005–10 est.)

      Sex ratio:

      at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

      under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

      15–64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

      65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female

      total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2010 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

      total: 178.13 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 1 male: 190.12 deaths/1,000 live births

      female: 165.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

      total population: 38.48 years country comparison to the world: 223 male: 37.48