The 2010 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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has declined in recent years and now stands at roughly 7 telephones per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership is rapidly approaching a teledensity of 100 telephones per 100 persons

      international: country code - 267; international calls are made via satellite, using international direct dialing; 2 international exchanges; digital microwave radio relay links to Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2008)

      Broadcast media:

      2 TV stations - 1 state-owned and 1 privately-owned; privately-owned satellite TV subscription service is available; 2 state-owned national radio stations; 3 privately-owned radio stations broadcast locally (2007)

      Internet country code:

      .bw

      Internet hosts:

      2,739 (2010) country comparison to the world: 148

      Internet users:

      120,000 (2009) country comparison to the world: 153

      Transportation ::Botswana

      Airports:

      78 (2010) country comparison to the world: 71

      Airports - with paved runways:

      total: 9

      2,438 to 3,047 m: 2

      1,524 to 2,437 m: 6

      914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2010)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

      total: 69

      1,524 to 2,437 m: 4

      914 to 1,523 m: 52

      under 914 m: 13 (2010)

      Railways:

      total: 888 km country comparison to the world: 97 narrow gauge: 888 km 1.067-m gauge (2008)

      Roadways:

      total: 25,798 km country comparison to the world: 103 paved: 8,410 km

      unpaved: 17,388 km (2005)

      Military ::Botswana

      Military branches:

      Botswana Defense Force (BDF): Ground Forces Command, Air Arm

       Command, Logistics Command (2010)

      Military service age and obligation:

      18 is the apparent age of voluntary military service; official minimum age is unknown (2001)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 543,097

      females age 16–49: 520,896 (2010 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 347,070

      females age 16–49: 315,743 (2010 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 23,496

      female: 22,944 (2010 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      3.3% of GDP (2006) country comparison to the world: 38

      Transnational Issues ::Botswana

      Disputes - international:

      Botswana still struggles to seal its border from thousands of Zimbabweans who flee economic collapse and political persecution; Namibia has long supported, and in 2004 Zimbabwe dropped objections to, plans between Botswana and Zambia to build a bridge over the Zambezi River at Kazungula crossing, thereby de facto recognizing the short, but not clearly delimited, Botswana-Zambia boundary

      page last updated on January 19, 2011

      ======================================================================

      @Bouvet Island (Antarctica)

      Introduction ::Bouvet Island

      Background:

      This uninhabited volcanic island is almost entirely covered by glaciers and is difficult to approach. It was discovered in 1739 by a French naval officer after whom the island was named. No claim was made until 1825, when the British flag was raised. In 1928, the UK waived its claim in favor of Norway, which had occupied the island the previous year. In 1971, Norway designated Bouvet Island and the adjacent territorial waters a nature reserve. Since 1977, it has run an automated meteorological station on the island.

      Geography ::Bouvet Island

      Location:

      island in the South Atlantic Ocean, southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)

      Geographic coordinates:

      54 26 S, 3 24 E

      Map references:

      Antarctic Region

      Area:

      total: 49 sq km country comparison to the world: 232 land: 49 sq km

      water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative:

      about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries:

      0 km

      Coastline:

      29.6 km

      Maritime claims:

      territorial sea: 4 nm

      Climate:

      antarctic

      Terrain:

      volcanic; coast is mostly inaccessible

      Elevation extremes:

      lowest point: South Atlantic Ocean 0 m

      highest point: Olav Peak 935 m

      Natural resources:

      none

      Land use:

      arable land: 0%

      permanent crops: 0%

      other: 100% (93% ice) (2005)

      Irrigated land:

      0 sq km

      Natural hazards:

      NA

      Environment - current issues:

      NA

      Geography - note:

      covered by glacial ice; declared a nature reserve by Norway

      People ::Bouvet Island

      Population:

      uninhabited

      Government ::Bouvet Island

      Country name:

      conventional long form: none

      conventional short form: Bouvet Island

      Dependency status:

      territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Oslo Police

      Legal system:

      the laws of Norway where applicable apply

      Flag description:

      the flag of Norway is used

      Economy ::Bouvet Island

      Economy - overview:

      no economic activity; declared a nature reserve

      Communications