The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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Defense Force (Ground Forces, Air Force,

       militia, police)

       note: Ethiopia is landlocked and has no navy; following the

       secession of Eritrea, Ethiopian naval facilities remained in

       Eritrean possession

      Military manpower - military age:

       18 years of age (2003 est.)

      Military manpower - availability:

       males age 15–49: 15,388,318 (2003 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 8,040,381 (2003 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually:

       males: 714,165 (2003 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $800 million (FY00)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       12.6% (FY00)

      Transnational Issues Ethiopia

      Disputes - international:

       Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by 2002 independent boundary

       commission delimitation decision, but demarcation, scheduled to

       begin in 2003, has been hampered by technical delays and Ethiopian

       concerns that the decision ignored "human geography" and awarded

       Badme, the focus of the 1998–2000 war, to Eritrea, demarcation of

       the boundary has been postponed indefinately; Ethiopia maintains

       only an administrative line and no international border with the

       Oromo region of southern Somalia and maintains alliances with local

       clans in opposition to the Transitional National Government in

       Mogadishu; "Somaliland" secessionists provide port facilities and

       trade ties to land-locked Ethiopia; efforts to demarcate the porous

       boundary with Sudan have been delayed by civil war there

      Illicit drugs:

       transit hub for heroin originating in Southwest and Southeast Asia

       and destined for Europe and North America as well as cocaine

       destined for markets in southern Africa; cultivates qat (khat) for

       local use and regional export, principally to Djibouti and Somalia

       (legal in all three countries); the lack of a well-developed

       financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering

       center

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

      ======================================================================

      @Europa Island

      Introduction Europa Island

      Background:

       A French possession since 1897, the island is heavily wooded; it is

       the site of a small military garrison that staffs a weather station.

      Geography Europa Island

      Location:

       Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half

       of the way from southern Madagascar to southern Mozambique

      Geographic coordinates:

       22 20 S, 40 22 E

      Map references:

       Africa

      Area:

       total: 28 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

       land: 28 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       about 0.16 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries:

       0 km

      Coastline:

       22.2 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate:

       tropical

      Terrain:

       low and flat

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m

       highest point: unnamed location 24 m

      Natural resources:

       NEGL

      Land use: arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mangrove forests and woodlands) (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land:

       0 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       NA

      Environment - current issues:

       NA

      Geography - note:

       wildlife sanctuary

      People Europa Island

      Population:

       no indigenous inhabitants

       note: there is a small French military garrison and a few

       meteorologists; visited by scientists (July 2003 est.)

      Government Europa Island

      Country name:

       conventional long form: none

       conventional short form: Europa Island

       local short form: Ile Europa

       local long form: none

      Dependency status:

       possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the

       Republic, resident in Reunion

      Legal system:

       the laws of France, where applicable, apply

      Flag description:

       the flag of France is used

      Economy Europa Island

      Economy - overview: no economic activity

      Communications Europa Island

      Communications - note: 1 meteorological station

      Transportation Europa Island

      Waterways:

       none

      Ports and harbors:

       none; offshore anchorage only

      Airports:

       1 (2002)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

       total: 1

       914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)

      Military Europa Island

      Military - note: defense is the responsibility of France

      Transnational Issues Europa Island

      Disputes - international: claimed by Madagascar

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

      ======================================================================

      @Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

      Introduction Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

      Background:

       Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first

       landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in