Consorts of the Caliphs. Ibn al-Sa'i

a Hamdanid prince (§36.1).

      57 In addition to Jawād’s footnotes to Nisāʾ al-khulafāʾ, see Stigelbauer, Die Sängerinnen am Abbasidenhof um die Zeit des Kalifen al-Mutawakkil; and Al-Heitty, The Role of the Poetess at the Abbāsid Court (132–247 A.H./750–861 A.D.).

      58 Kilpatrick, Making the Great Book of Songs.

      59 Imhof, “Traditio vel Aemulatio? The Singing Contest of Sāmarrā.”

      60 Al-Jāḥiẓ (d. 255/868), Risālat al-Qiyān/The Epistle on Singing-Girls; al-Washshāʾ (d. 325/936), Kitāb al-Muwashshā, also known as al-Ẓarf wa-l-ẓurafāʾ, chapter 20. German and Spanish translations, as well as a partial French one, exist of Kitāb al-Muwashshā: Das Buch des buntbestickten Kleids, ed. Bellmann; El libro del brocado, ed. Garulo; Le livre de brocart, ed. Bouhlal.

      61 Ali, Marriage and Slavery in Early Islam, is an important departure.

      NOTE ON THE TRANSLATION

      62 The other six members of RRAALL are Kristen Brustad, Jamal Elias, Nuha Khoury, Nasser Rabbat, Dwight Reynolds, and Eve Troutt Powell.

      63 Reynolds, ed., Interpreting the Self.