History of the settlement of Upper Canada (Ontario,) with special reference to the Bay Quinté. William Canniff. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: William Canniff
Издательство: Bookwire
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Жанр произведения: Документальная литература
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isbn: 4064066152017
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CHAPTER XVII. Lines—​Western Settlement, 1783—​Population—​Settlement upon St. Lawrence and Bay—​Number, 1784—​Proclamation to Loyalists—​Society disturbed—​Two kinds of Loyalists—​St. Lawrence and Bay favorable for settlement—​Government provisions—​State of the Loyalists—​Serving out rations—​Clothes—​Utensils for clearing and fencing—​The axe—​Furniture—​Attacking a last enemy—​Tents—​Waiting for their lots—​“Bees”—​Size of dwellings—​Mode of building—​Exchanging work—​Bedsteads—​Clearing—​Fireing trees—​Ignorance of pioneer life—​Disposing of the wood—​No beast of burden—​Logging—​Determination—​All settlers on a common ground—​Additional refugees—​Advance—​Simcoe’s proclamation, 1792—​Conditions of grants—​The response—​Later settlers—​Questionable Loyalists—​Yankees longing for Canada—​Loyalty in 1812 181 DIVISION IV. THE FIRST YEARS OF UPPER CANADA. CHAPTER XVIII. Father Picquet—​Provision of Forts in Upper Canada just before conquest—​Frontenac—​Milk—​Brandy—​Toronto—​The several forts—​Detroit—​British garrisons—​Grasping rebels—​Efforts to starve out Loyalists in Canada—​Worse treated than the Acadians—​Efforts to secure Fur Trade—​The frontier forts—​Americans’ conduct to Indians—​Result—​Conduct of British Government—​Rations for three years—​Grinding by hand—​“Hominy blocks”—​“Plumping mill”—​The women—​Soldier farmers—​The Hessians—​Suffering—​The “Scarce Year”—​Charge against the Commissariat officers—​Famine—​Cry for bread—​Instances of suffering—​Starving children—​No salt—​Fish—​Game—​Eating young grain—​Begging bran—​A common sorrow—​Providential escapes—​Eating buds and leaves—​Deaths—​Primitive fishing—​Catching salmon—​Going 125 miles to mill—​Disconsolate families—​1789—​Partial relief—​First beef slaughtered in Upper Canada—​First log barn—​A “Bee,” what they ate and drank—​Tea introduced—​Statements of Sheriff Sherwood—​Roger Bates—​John Parrott—​Col. Clark—​Squirrel swimming Niagara—​Maple sugar—​How it was made—​Women assisting—​Made dishes of food—​Pumpkin loaf—​Extract from Rochefoucault—​1795—​Quality of grain raised—​Quinté Bay—​Cultivation—​Corn exported—​The grain dealers—​Price of flour—​Pork—​Profits of the merchants 191 CHAPTER XIX. Kingston Mills—​Action of Government—​The Millwright—​Situation of the first Mill—​Why Selected—​The Machinery—​Put up by Loyalists—​No Toll—​Only Mill for three years—​Going to Mill, 1784—​The Napanee Mill—​Commenced 1785—​Robert Clarke—​An old Book—​“Appenea” Falls—​Price of certain articles—​What Rum cost, and was used for—​The Mill opened 1787—​Sergt.-Major Clarke in charge—​Indian Corn—​Small Toll—​Surveyor Collins in charge—​Becomes the property of R. Cartwright, 1792—​Rebuilt—​Origin of Napanee—​Price of Butter, 1788—​Mills at Four Mile Creek, Niagara Falls, Fort Erie, and Grand River—​Mills on the St. Lawrence—​The Stone Mills—​Van Alstine—​Lake of the Mountain—​1796—​Natural Beauty, versus Utility—​The Mill—​Van Alstine’s Death—​Wind Mill—​Myer’s Mill—​Mill at Consecon 206 CHAPTER XX. Clothing—​Domestic and Farming Implements—​Style of Dress eighty years ago—​Clothing of the Refuges—​Disbanded Soldiers—​No Fresh Supply—​Indian Garments of Skin—​Deerskin Pants—​Petticoats—​Bed Coverings—​Cultivating Flax—​Sheep—​Home-made Clothes—​Rude Implements—​Fulling—​French Mode—​Lindsay Woolsey—​The Spinning-wheel—​Young men Selecting Wives—​Bees—​Marriage Portion—​Every Farmer his own Tanner and Shoemaker—​Fashions—​How odd hours were spent—​Home-made Shoes—​What Blankets were made of—​Primitive Bedstead—​Nakedness—​Bridal Apparel—​No Saddles—​Kingston and Newark—​Little Money—​Bartering—​Merchants from Albany—​Unable to buy—​Credit with Merchants—​The Results—​Itinerant Mechanics—​Americans—​Become Canadians—​An old Stone-mason—​Wooden Dishes—​Making Spoons—​Other Hardships—​Indians Friendly—​Effects of Alcohol upon the Mississaugas—​Groundless Panic—​Drunken Indians—​Women, defending Themselves—​An erroneous Statement about Indian Massacre in “Dominion Monthly Magazine”—​Statement of an Old Settler, Sherwood—​Wild Beasts—​Few Fire-arms—​Narrow Escapes—​Depredations at Night—​Destroying Stock—​An Act of Parliament—​“A traveller’s statement”—​The Day of Small Things—​Settlers Contented—​The Extent of their Ambition—​Reward of Industry—​Population in 1808—​Importations—​Money—​The Youth 211 CHAPTER XXI. Sweat of the brow—​No beast of burden—​No stock—​Except by a few—​Horses and oxen—​From Lower Canada—​York State—​Late comers, brought some—​No fodder—​First stock in Adolphustown—​Incidents—​Cock and hens—​“Tipler”—​Cattle driving—​First cow in Thurlow—​First house in Marysburgh—​The first oxen—​No market for butter and cheese—​Sheep—​Rev. Mr. Stuart, as an Agriculturist—​Horses at Napanee—​An offer for a yoke of steers 220 CHAPTER XXII. Old channels of trade, and travel—​Art and science—​New channels—​The wilderness—​Loyalists Travelling on foot, from Kingston to York—​Formation of roads—​Act of parliament—​1793—​Its provisions—​Crooked roads—​Foot-path—​Bridle-path—​King’s highway from Lower Canada—​When