Child Development From Infancy to Adolescence. Laura E. Levine

titled Expulsion of Placenta, the placenta which is still attached to the umbilical cord is partially disengaged from the uterine wall and will be delivered through the cervix as well.

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      A bar graph showing the rates of cesarean births among different ethnicities in 2009, 2013 and 2014 with the years 2009, 2013 and 2014 on the x axis and the percentage of cesarean births on the y axis. The table below shows the approximate rates of cesarean births for each ethnicity.

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      The approach to childcare in two communities is contrasted by these two images.

      On the left is an image of a woman in a house made of bamboo thatched roof and floor, holds her baby while two other women and a man look on. One of the women is holding a toddler in her lap. A bare chested man seated in front of them, looks at them.

      In contrast, a poster on the right reads No Strollers, No High Chairs, No Booster Chairs, Children crying or making loud noises are a distraction to other diners, and as such are not allowed in the dining room.

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      A stacked bar graph showing the division of labor between U.S. mothers and fathers in the years 1965 and 2011. The x axis shows the distribution among mothers and fathers in 1965 and in 2011. The y axis shows the average number of hours per week. The table below shows the average number of hours per week for both mothers and fathers spent on paid work, housework and child care.

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      A bar graph showing a cross-country comparison of paid parental leave.

      The x axis shows the number of weeks of paid leave and the x axis lists the country in order of least to most number of weeks of paid leave as we move up the y axis from zero.

      The list below shows the countries in each range from the low to high end of the range.

      Countries with 0-10 weeks of paid parental leave.

       U. S.

       New Zealand

       Switzerland

       Australia

       Ireland

      Countries with 10-20 weeks of paid parental leave.

       Turkey

       United Kingdom

       Mexico

       Cyprus

       Israel

       Malta

       Netherlands

       Spain

      Countries with 20-30 weeks of paid parental leave.

       Belgium

       Greece

       France

       Iceland

       Italy

       Canada

       Denmark

      Countries with 30-40 weeks of paid parental leave.

       Chile

       Portugal

       Luxembourg

      Countries with 40-50 weeks of paid parental leave.

       Korea

       Croatia

       Poland

       Sweden

       Germany

       Finland

      Countries with 50-60 weeks of paid parental leave.

       Slovenia

       Slovakia

       Romania

       Norway

       Latvia

       Czech Republic

       Austria

      Countries with 60-70 weeks of paid parental leave.

       Lithuania

       Japan

      Countries with 70-80 weeks of paid parental leave.

       Hungary

       Bulgaria

      Estonia has 87 weeks of paid parental leave.