15Figure 15.1. Short-circuit profile of various DC sources: (a) rectifier with a...Figure 15.2. Standard approximation of short-circuit function.
Source: Referen...Figure 15.3. A DC distribution system for calculation of short-circuit current...Figure 15.4. Equivalent circuit of short circuit of a battery through external...Figure 15.5. Time to peak t
pk and rise time constant τ
1B for the short-circuit...Figure 15.6. Layout of a battery system for calculation of short-circuit curre...Figure 15.7. Calculated short-circuit time–current profiles: (a) battery, (b) ...Figure 15.8. Factors κ
1M and κ
2M for determining the time to peak
tpM and the ...Figure 15.9. Short-circuit current profile of a rectifier.Figure 15.10. Equivalent circuit for the short-circuit current calculation of ...Figure 15.11. Total short-circuit current profile of four partial short-circui...Figure 15.12. (a) Minimum arc voltage for vertical arcs; (b) minimum arc volta...Figure 15.13. A simplified model of arcing in a DC system.Figure 15.14. Arcing current profile superimposed on the short-circuit current...Figure 15.15. Time–current characteristics of a class L, 1000-A fuse.Figure 15.16. Calculated short-circuit and arcing current profiles (see Exampl...Figure 15.17. Short-circuit current of a converter with grid (gate) control.
S...
16 Chapter 16Figure 16.1. Power station substation automation (SA) functional diagram.Figure 16.2. IEC 61850 communication profiles.Figure 16.3. Hierarchy of IEC 61850 data model.Figure 16.4. Circuit breaker Model-XCBR information tree.Figure 16.5. Anatomy of IEC 61850 object nomenclature.Figure 16.6. GOOSE messaging.Figure 16.7. (a) Fiber optic multimode cable cross-section and light transmi...Figure 16.8. (a) Redundant star architecture using redundant ports on IEDs; ...Figure 16.9. A schematic picture of substation layouts and connections in a ...
17 Appendix AFigure A.1. Illustration of (a) positive and (b) negative skewness. (c) Illu...Figure A.2. Gaussian or normal distribution graph of the density function.Figure A.3. Criteria of fitting a least square line in a scatter plot.
Guide
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Cover Page
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Series Page
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Title Page
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Copyright Page
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Foreword
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PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION
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PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION
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Acknowledgement
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About the Author
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Table of Contents
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Begin Reading
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Appendix A: Statistics and Probability Applied to Electrical Engineering
13
Appendix B: Tables for Quick Estimation of Incident Energy and PPE in Electrical Systems
14
Index
15
IEEE Press Series on Power Engineering
16
WILEY END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT
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