7 7. Here and hereafter the figures for print runs are taken from Knizhnaia letopis’ for 1917.
8 8. Aleksandr Fedorovich Kerenskii (Po materialam Departamenta politsii) (Petrograd: Tsentral’nyi komitet Trudovoi gruppy, 1917), p. 3.
9 9. Rechi A. F. Kerenskogo (Kiev: Blago naroda, 1917), pp. iii–iv.
10 10. Anon, Syn Velikoi Russkoi Revoliutsii Aleksandr Fedorovich Kerenskii: Ego zhizn’, politicheskaia deiatel’nost’ i rechi (Petrograd: Petrogradskii listok, 1917).
11 11. Vasilii Kir’iakov, Zapiski deputata 2-i Gosudarstvennoi Dumy (St Petersburg: Vernyi put’, [1907]).
12 12. Rafail Ganelin, Rossiia i SShA, 1914–1917: Ocherki istorii russkoamerikanskikh otnoshenii (Leningrad: Nauka, 1969), p. 371.
13 13. Vasilii Kir’iakov, ‘A. F. Kerenskii’, Niva, no. 19 (1917): 287–8; no. 20 (1917): 294–7.
14 14. Kir’iakov, Niva, no. 20, p. 294.
15 15. Ibid., p. 287; V–i V. [Vasilii Vasil’evich Kir’iakov], A. F. Kerenskii (Petrograd, 1917), p. 3.
16 16. Ibid., p. 36.
17 17. Ibid., p. 35.
18 18. Ibid., p. 16.
19 19. Vasilii Kir’iakov, Dedushka i babushka russkoi revoliutsii: N. V. Chaikovskii i E. K. Breshko-Breshkovskaia (Petrograd: Novaia Rossiia, 1917).
20 20. Oleg Leonidov, Vozhd’ svobody A. F. Kerenskii (Moscow: Koshnitsa, 1917). Leonidov continued to publish popular biographies of political and military figures in the Soviet period. See [Oleg Leonidov], Kliment Efremovich Voroshilov: Zhizn’ i boevaia rabota, ed. Sergei Orlovskii (Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatel’stvo, 1925); M. V. Frunze: Biografiia (Moscow: Ogonek, 1925); S. M. Budennyi, vozhd’ krasnoi konnitsy: Materialy dlia biografii S. M. Budennogo i istorii I Konnoi armii (Leningrad: Gubkompom, 1925); etc. Leonidov also wrote screenplays on themes from the history of the revolution, for example, Moskva v Oktiabre (Bor’ba i pobeda) (1927). Other screenplays were Deti kapitana Granta (1936) and Ostrov sokrovishch [Treasure Island] (1937).
21 21. Oleg Leonidov, Vozhd’ svobody A. F. Kerenskii, 2nd, supplemented edition (Moscow: Koshnitsa, 1917), pp. 5–6, 17.
22 22. Ibid., pp. 31, 32.
23 23. Ibid., pp. 4–5.
24 24. Ibid., pp. 8, 16, 31.
25 25. Ibid., pp. 3, 24, 25, 26.
26 26. E. V[ladimirovi]–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr (Odessa: Vlast’ naroda, 1917).
27 27. Ibid., p. 3.
28 28. The only other studies to appear were of Breshko-Breshkovskaya, Brusilov and Kropotkin. See Russkie portrety, 1917–1918 gg., ed. Mikhail Fleer (Petersburg: GIZ, 1921), pp. 6, 7, 25.
29 29. Tan (Vladimir Bogoraz), ‘A. F. Kerenskii: Liubov’ russkoi revoliutsii’, Geroi dnia: Biograficheskie etiudy. Obshchestvenno-politicheskii ezhenedel’nik (Petrograd), no. 1 (1917), pp. 2–4.
30 30. Ibid., pp. 2, 4.
31 31. Ibid., p. 2.
32 32. Ibid., pp. 3, 4.
33 33. The July Crisis, or ‘July Days’ of 3–5 July, after the failure of the June Offensive against Austria and Germany and the resignation from the Provisional Government of the Constitutional Democrats, was a period of left extremist demonstrations demanding disbandment of the Provisional Government and the transfer of all power to the soviets of workers’ and soldiers’ deputies. When the attempted coup failed, the Bolshevik leaders, Lenin and Zinoviev, went into hiding. [Trans.]
34 34. V. Vysotskii, Aleksandr Kerenskii (Moscow: Tipografiia tovarishchestva Riabushinskikh, 1917), p. 21.
35 35. Ibid., pp. 9–10, 31.
36 36. Ibid., pp. 7, 11, 18, 19, 20.
37 37. Ibid., pp. 19–20.
38 38. Partiia sotsialistov-revoliutsionerov: Dokumenty i materialy, 3 vols, ed. Nikolai Erofeev (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2000), vol. 3, part 1: ‘February–October 1917’, pp. 331, 333, 724.
39 39. Lidiia Armand, Kerenskii (Petrograd: [Kopeika], 1917), p. 4.
40 40. Ibid., pp. 3, 15.
41 41. Ibid., pp. 8, 13, 14.
42 42. Ibid., p. 8.
43 43. Vasilii Kir’iakov, ‘A. F. Kerenskii’, Niva, no. 19 (1917), p. 287; V–i V., A. F. Kerenskii, p. 4.
44 44. Kir’iakov, Niva, no. 19 (1917), p. 287.
45 45. E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr, p. 4.
46 46. V–i V., A. F. Kerenskii, p. 4. Kerensky himself subsequently wrote about these childhood impressions in The Kerensky Memoirs: Russia and History’s Turning Point (London: Cassell, 1966), p. 4. ‘N. Lenin’ was the pseudonym of Vladimir Ul’ianov.
47 47. Anon, Syn Velikoi Russkoi Revoliutsii, p. 3.
48 48. Tan, ‘A. F. Kerenskii’, p. 2; E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr, pp. 4–5.
49 49. F. M. Kerensky’s autobiographies are preserved in several archives: Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv [RGIA, the Russian State Historical Archive], fond 733, opis’ 225, delo 203, listy 19–22 ob.; and Rukopisnyi otdel Instituta russkoi literatury [the Manuscript Department of the Institute of Russian Literature], fond 274, opis’ 1, delo 398, list 145.
50 50. Photographs of Kerensky as a child with his mother were published in a number of booklets and magazines: Solntse Rossii, no. 368 (10) (1917), p. 3; E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr, p. 4.
51 51. Foreign diplomats believed she was Jewish. See George Buchanan, My Mission to Russia and Other Diplomatic Memories (London: Cassell, 1923), vol. 2, p. 64.
52 52. On how anti-Semites viewed Kerenskii, see Kolonitskii, ‘Aleksandr Fedorovich Kerenskii kak “zhertva evreev” i “evrei”’, in Jews and Slavs, vol. 17: The Russian Word in the Land of Israel, the Jewish Word in Russia (Jerusalem, 2006), pp. 241–53.
53 53. Solntse Rossii, no. 368 (10) (1917), p. 4; E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr, p. 9.
54 54. Tan, ‘A. F. Kerenskii’, p. 2.
55 55. Narodnaia gazeta, 15 July 1917.
56 56. Kir’iakov, ‘A. F. Kerenskii’, Niva, no. 19 (1917), p. 288.
57 57. Kerensky, The Kerensky Memoirs, p. 17.
58 58. E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr, p. 5.
59 59. Tan, ‘A. F. Kerenskii’, p. 2; Kir’iakov, ‘A. F. Kerenskii’, Niva, no. 19 (1917), p. 288.
60 60. Solntse Rossii, no. 368 (10) (1917), p. 4. In 1917 the boys were aged twelve and nine.
61 61. Kir’iakov, ‘A. F. Kerenskii’, Niva, no. 19 (1917), p. 288. Another writer also claimed that Kerenskii became an SR while still a student. See E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr, p. 5.
62 62. Aleksandr Fedorovich Kerenskii (Po materialam Departamenta politsii), p. 5; Kerensky, The Kerensky Memoirs, pp. 47–50.
63 63. E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr, p. 5.
64 64. Edinstvo, 6 May 1917.
65 65. Aleksandr Fedorovich Kerenskii (Po materialam Departamenta politsii), pp. 5–6; Kerensky, The Kerensky Memoirs, pp. 71–2; Kerensky, The Crucifixion of Liberty (London: Barker, 1934), pp. 114–19; Richard Abraham, Alexander Kerensky: The First Love of the Revolution (London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1987), pp. 21–35.
66 66. E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii narodnyi ministr, p. 5.
67 67. ‘Novyi voennyi i morskoi ministr’, Russkii invalid, 5 May 1917.
68 68. Leonidov, Vozhd’ svobody A. F. Kerenskii, p. 8.
69 69. E. V–ch, A. F. Kerenskii