10 9 Complex behavior, surfactant systems 9.1 Surfactant systems 9.1.1 Surfactant structures and micelles 9.1.2 Emulsions 9.1.3 Mixtures of surfactants and polymers, polymers containing surfactant components 9.1.4 Applications of surfactant systems 9.2 Rheological behavior of surfactant systems 9.2.1 Typical shear behavior 9.2.2 Shear-induced effects, shear-banding and “rheo chaos ” 9.3 References
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10 Measuring systems
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Concentric cylinder measuring systems (CC MS)
10.2.1 Cylinder measuring systems in general
10.2.2 Narrow-gap concentric cylinder measuring systems according to ISO 3219
10.2.3 Double-gap measuring systems (DG MS)
10.2.4 High-shear cylinder measuring systems (HS MS)
10.3 Cone-and-plate measuring systems(CP MS)
10.3.1 Geometry
10.3.2 Calculations
10.3.3 Conversion between raw data and rheological parameters
10.3.4 Flow instabilities and secondary flow effects in CP systems
10.3.5 Cone truncation and gap setting
10.3.6 Maximum particle size
10.3.7 Filling of the cone-and-plate measuring system
10.3.8 Advantages and disadvantages of cone-and-platemeasuring systems
10.4 Parallel-plate measuring systems(PP MS)
10.4.1 Geometry
10.4.2 Calculations
10.4.3 Conversion between raw data and rheological parameters
10.4.4 Flow instabilities and secondary flow effects in a PP system
10.4.5 Recommendations for gap setting
10.4.6 Automatic gap setting and automatic gap controlusing the normal force control option
10.4.7 Determination of the temperature gradientin the sample
10.4.8 Advantages and disadvantages of parallel-plate measuring systems
10.5 Mooney/Ewart measuring systems(ME MS)
10.6 Relative measuring systems
10.6.1 Measuring systems with sandblasted, profiledor serrated surfaces
10.6.2 Spindles in the form of disks, pins, and spheres
10.6.3 Krebs spindles
10.6.4 Paste spindles and rotors showing pins and vanes
10.6.5 Ball measuring systems (motion along a circular path)
10.6.6 Further relative measuring systems
10.7 Measuring systems for solid torsion bars
10.7.1 Bars showing a rectangular cross section
10.7.2