Preface
We proudly present the third edition of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, 15 years after the first and 8 years after the second edition. This book, founded by Professors Classen, Tytgat, and Lightdale, now passes the torch to a second generation of editors. It nonetheless continues the tradition of excellence, depth, and breadth that its founding editors started. We strive to continue publishing the leading reference in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy. Professors Fockens, Sung, and Wallace have brought together an outstanding team of associate editors: Todd Baron, Michael Bourke, Nicholas Shaheen, Nageshwar (Nagy) Reddy, and Lauren Gerson. After completion of the book, but prior to its publication, we were tremendously saddened by the sudden passing of Dr. Gerson, whose contribution carries on with the book. A memoriam to Dr. Gerson appears in the opening pages of this book.
The list of contributing authors is a who’s who of endoscopy. We are fortunate to have both, senior masters and new innovators. In the preface to the second edition, the “new” procedures of the day were NOTES, ESD, and advanced imaging. Much has passed since 2010. NOTES (natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) has largely waned, but it led endoscopy into the “third space,” the submucosa between the lumen and the outside (intra-abdominal) world. Submucosal endoscopy enabled POEMS (per-oral endoscopic myotomy surgery) for achalasia and its new variations, gastric-POEMS (for gastroparesis) and STER (submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection), for subepithelial tumors. New devices such as over-the-scope clips have enabled safe closure of full-thickness defects. Initially, these were applied to unplanned perforations and bleeding, but as we became increasingly confident of closure, they enabled planned full-thickness resection of tumors and even tissue sampling of the gastroenteric nervous system, which further opens new methods of research and treatment. Endoscopic resection by EMR and ESD is now practiced worldwide with refinements in devices and techniques to make it easier and safer while still preserving its efficacy. A major recent advancement in endoscopy was the development of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS), initially for drainage of pancreatic fluid collections. Like NOTES, LAMS have opened a new world of possibilities to endoscopists including EUS-guided biliary drainage directly from lumen to bile duct (not retrograde through the papilla). Lumen-to-lumen apposition has opened the way for gastroenteric bypass in duodenal obstruction (or double biliary and duodenal bypass in the case of double obstruction from pancreatic head tumors). Creative endoscopists, driven by patients’ needs, developed methods of biliary access in patients with surgically altered anatomy through a variety of transluminal routes. It is remarkable to witness the impact of new technology (LAMS, clips) and techniques (POEMS, NOTES) on unanticipated downstream innovations. These are truly disruptive events, all captured in the third edition.
In addition to the editors and authors, we wish to thank the outstanding staff at Thieme for editorial assistance in producing this large volume of work. We hope that endoscopists throughout the world will engage this new knowledge and, most importantly, apply it to improve the care of patients with gastrointestinal and other relevant diseases.
The editors
List of Contributors
Associate Editors
Todd H. Baron, MD
Professor
Director of Advanced Therapeutic
Endoscopy
University of North Carolina
North Carolina, USA
Nicholas J. Shaheen, MD, MPH
Professor, Medicine and Epidemiology
Chief, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
University of North Carolina School of Medicine
North Carolina, USA
Michael John Bourke, FRACP
Professor
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Westmead Hospital
Sydney, Australia
D. Nageshwar Reddy, MD, DM, DSc, FAMS, FRCP, FASGE, FACG, MWGO
Chairman and Chief of Gastroenterology
Asian Institute of Gastroenterology
Hyderabad, India
Lauren B. Gerson, MD, MSc
Associate Clinical Professor
University of California San Francisco
Director of Clinical Research
Gastroenterology Fellowship Program
California Pacific Medical Center
California, USA
Contributors
Douglas G. Adler MD, FACG, AGAF, FASGE
Professor
Director of Therapeutic Endoscopy
Director
GI Fellowship Program
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
University of Utah School of Medicine
Huntsman Cancer Center
Utah, USA
Hans-Dieter Allescher, MD, PhD
Professor
Center for Internal Medicine
Klinikum Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Marianna Arvanitakis, MD, PhD
Department of Gastroenterology
Erasme University Hospital ULB
Brussels, Belgium
Andrew Eliot Axon, BA (Hons), MA (Cantab)
Head
Parklane Plowden Barristers Chambers
Leeds and Newcastle, UK
Anthony T. R. Axon, MD, FRCP
Professor
University of Leeds
Leeds, UK
Jamie S. Barkin, MD, MACP, MACG, AGAF,
FASGE
Professor of Medicine
Miller School of Medicine
University of Miami
Florida, USA
Jodie A. Barkin, MD
Gastroenterology Fellow
Department of Medicine, Division of
Gastroenterology
Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
University of Miami
Florida, USA
Maximilien Barret, MD
Department of Gastroenterology and
Hepatology
Academic Medical Center
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Omer Basar, MD
Research Fellow
Pancreas Biliary Center
Gastrointestinal Unit
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Professor
Hacettepe Medical School
Department of Gastroenterology
Ankara, Turkey
Barbara A.J. Bastiaansen, MD
Department of Gastroenterology and
Hepatology
Academical Medical