Right Palm Heel Block/Left Side Elbow Attack—Orun Batangson Nullomakki/Wen Palgub Yop Chigi
Twenty-Sixth Position
Left Hammer Fist Target Strike—Wen Me Chumok Arae Pyojeok Chigi
Twenty-Seventh Position
Left Outside Knife Hand Strike/Left Knife Hand Low Block—Wen Hansonnal Bakkat Chigi/Wen Hansonnal Arae Makki
Twenty-Eighth Position
Right Inside Knife Hand Strike/Right Knife Hand Low Block—Orun Hansonnal Bakkat Chigi/Orun Hansonnal Arae Makki
Twenty-Ninth Position
Left Inside Knife Hand Strike/Knife Hand Low Block—Wen Hansonnal Bakkat Chigi/Hansonnal Arae Makki
Thirtieth Position
Right Tiger Mouth Thrust—Orun Agwison Kaljaebi—KIHAP—
Baro (Geuman): Barrel Pushing Ready Stance—Tong Milgi Joonbi Seogi
Return to Ready Position (Parallel Stance)—Joonbi (Naranhi Seogi)
V. Original Koryo Combat Applications
COMBAT APPLICATION 1
Third Position
Right Side Kick/Side Hammer Fist Strike—Orun Yop Chagi/Yop Me Chumok Jireugi
Fourth Position
Low X Block—Otgolo Arae Makki
COMBAT APPLICATION 2
Eighth Position
Open Hand Head Grab/Left Knee Kick—Mori Japgo/Moorub Chigi
Ninth Position
Low X Block—Otgolo Arae Makki
COMBAT APPLICATION 3
Eleventh Position
Extend Left Hand to Grab Elbow—Wen Son Neulligi
Twelfth Position
Right Round Elbow Strike/Left Single Knife Hand Low Block—Orun Dollyo Palgub Chigi/Wen Sonnal Arae Makki
COMBAT APPLICATION 4
Sixteenth Position
Right Back Fist Strike—Orun Doong Chumok Chigi
Seventeenth Position
Left Outside Knife Hand High Block—Wen Bakkat Sonnal Olgool Makki
Eighteenth Position
Left Front Kick—Wen Ap Chagi
VI. Koryo Combat Applications
COMBAT APPLICATION 1
First Position
Left Knife Hand Middle Block—Wen Sonnal Momtong Makki
Second Position
Double Side Kick (Right Low Side Kick/Right High Side Kick) Right Outside Knife Hand Strike—Kodeup Yop Chagi (Orun Arae Yop Chagi/Orun Olgool Yop Chagi) Orun Sonnal Bakkat Chigi
Third Position
Reverse Middle Punch—Bandae Jireugi
Fourth Position
Right Inside Middle Block—Orun Ahn Momtong Makki
COMBAT APPLICATION 2
Twelfth Position
Right Front Kick/Knee Break—Orun Ap Chagi/Moorub Kkukki
COMBAT APPLICATION 3
Sixteenth Position
Left Outside Single Knife Hand Middle Block—Wen Hansonnal Bakkat Momtong Makki
Seventeenth Position
Right Target Hook Punch—Orun Chumok Pyojeok Chigi
COMBAT APPLICATION 4
Eighteenth Position
Right Forward Cross Stance/Left Side Kick/Left Low Spear Hand Strike (Palm Up)—Orun Koa Seogi/Wen Yop Chagi/Wen Pyeonsonkeut Jecheo Jireugi
Nineteenth Position
Right Low Block—Orun Arae Makki
VII. Reflections on the Maturation of Martial Skill
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Appendices
Appendix A. USTA Poomsae Competition Rules
Appendix B. Glossary
Appendix C. English/Korean Translations for Taekwondo Terms
Stances
Kicking Techniques
Punching Techniques
Striking Techniques
Blocking Techniques
Basic Terminology
Terms of Rank
Counting In Korean
Bibliography and Sources
Organization Web Sites and Addresses
About the Authors
Index
BOOKS FROM YMAA
DVDS FROM YMAA
Introduction
This book centers on the history, philosophy, and technical attributes of taekwondo poomsae: Original Koryo and Koryo. By far the most popular poomsae performed today by the advanced practitioner, the latter of the two, Koryo, represents a gateway to the complexities of 1st dan black belt and is a necessary component for promotion to 2nd dan as advocated by the Kukkiwon and the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF). With this in mind, we feel a detailed exploration of this poomsae is overdue both in a sense of fostering an appreciation for its heritage and in cultivating an understanding of its overall combat effectiveness aside from its competitive value in the ring.
Furthermore, initially established, as we shall see, between 1965 and 1967 along with the Palgwe set of poomsae intended as a vehicle for practice by the gup holder, Original Koryo is radically different from the Koryo we know of today. Consequently, practice of this primordial iteration has been uniformly subjugated in favor of its modern mate in part due to internal politics coupled with a desire to create a poomsae with enhanced complexity. Yet, Original Koryo continues to be transmitted from venerated master to worthy disciple in various taekwondo institutes to this day, albeit with highly attenuated frequency.
Koryo, in its present state, created in 1972 in conjunction with the Taegeuk series of elementary poomsae, effectively supplanted its earlier sibling and is today actively practiced by more than 90,000,000 World Taekwondo Federation stylists in over 200 nations around the globe. Given Koryo’s popularity and its challenging characteristics, it is routinely rehearsed in preparation for tournament competition at the regional, national, and international level. Moreover, documentation of this poomsae is profuse; written and video illustrations depicting the fundamental elements and unique line of motion are plentiful.
So why add to the exhaustive collection of editorial and visual documentation already available to the martial arts community at large on this subject? Succinctly put, poomsae, hyung, and tul clearly represent more than a loose collection of basic movements strung together for aesthetic or health purposes. The tactics, carefully annotated within the time-honored sequences of offensive and defensive strategies that combine to create both poomsae, are more in tune with combat preparedness than they are to sport, as they were originally intended. Relegating the execution of these tactics to a position leading to little more than the presentation of a trophy flies in the face of their authentic martial intent. Subsequently, while true completion of technique is denied by the overarching principle of honor and compassion prescribed by the tenets of traditional, defense-oriented