The Handbook for Collaborative Common Assessments. Cassandra Erkens

it serves as an insurmountable wall of resistance when the school requires change. Educational literature has clearly and forthrightly shown that any school-improvement effort that does not positively impact culture is doomed to failure (DuFour & Fullan, 2013; Muhammad, 2018). The work of collaborative common assessments embeds itself in teacher teams’ routines, practices, and even beliefs—that is, it can impact culture in significant ways. The resulting gains in student achievement lead to changes in belief and practice. Richard F. Elmore (2003) says: