Exploring Language Teacher Efficacy in Japan. Gene Thompson

Table 4.2 Demographic items used in the survey stages of the study Table 5.1 The expert panel Table 5.2 Steps and processes of the thematic analysis Table 5.3 Initial items for assessment by the experts in the exploratory interviews Table 5.4 Item rating scales used in the ‘evaluative’ expert interviews Table 5.5 JTE-TES items for the survey stages of the study Table 6.1 Descriptive statistics and efficacy dimensions of the JTE-TES Table 6.2 JTE-TES items informed by the TSES Table 7.1 Correlations between English proficiency and JTE-TES factors Table 7.2 Summary of regression analysis for variables predicting Using English Table 8.1 Summary of regression analysis for variables predicting Communicative Teaching Table 8.2 Summary of regression analysis for variables predicting Student Achievement Table 9.1 Summary of regression analysis for variables predicting Teamwork Table 10.1 Correlation matrix: JTE-TES dimensions and experience with CLT Table 11.1 Suggestions for future research

      Figures

Figure 2.1	Conceptual framework of self-efficacy assessment
Figure 4.1	Summary of the research design
Figure 5.1	Processes used to develop the JTE-TES
Figure 7.1	Predictors of the use of English as the language of instruction
Figure 11.1	Predictors of JTE-TES dimensions

Abbreviations and Japanese Terms

      Abbreviations

ALT	Assistant language teacher
AR	Action research
BOE	Board of education
CLT	Communicative language teaching
COS	Course of Study
CTE	Collective teacher efficacy
EAL	English as an additional language
EFL	English as a foreign language
EI	Emotional intelligence
Eiken	Test in practical English proficiency
ESL	English as a second language
IELTS	International English language testing system
JET programme	Japan exchange and teaching programme
JTE	Japanese high school teacher of English
L1	First or native language
L2	Additional, foreign or second language
LTE	Language teacher efficacy
LTSE	Language teacher self-efficacy
MEXT	Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
MOE	Japanese Ministry of Education
PLC	Professional learning community
SCT	Social cognitive theory
SELHi	Super English language high school
TOEIC	Test of English for international communication
TSE	Teacher self-efficacy

      Japanese terms

Gakunen kyoin	A term used to denote a group of teachers working together to design materials and assessments for one cohort of students (e.g. first-year students). It is commonly used at high schools to indicate a group of teachers who coordinate activities and teaching.
Hensachi	This index refers to a standardised rank score, which is usually based on the difficulty of the entrance examination to the school. It is commonly used for considering the academic level of a school as higher hensachi indicates higher academic level.
Jitsuyo Eigo Gino Kentei	The Japanese name for the test in practical English proficiency, referred to in this text as the ‘Eiken’ test.
Kyotenko	A term used to designate a school as a ‘model’ for implementing curricula reforms, usually with support from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology,