Health News and Responsibility. Lesa Hatley Major

Civic Engagement, and Stigma)

       Findings

       Appendix A

       Details about Study 1

       Measures

       Participants

       Analysis

       Appendix B

       Details about Study 2

       Stimuli

       Pre-test

       Post-test

       Measures

       Pilot Test and Manipulation Check

       Participants

       Analysis

       Chapter Nine: Conclusions: What Have We Learned and a Path Forward with These Frames

       Moving Forward

       Index

      ←viii | ix→

Tables

Table 4.1: Thematic/episodic studies published in academic journals. (The number in parentheses indicates how many of the studies operationalized thematic/episodic frames.)

Table 4.2: Thematic/episodic framing studies by year of publication. (The number in parentheses indicates how many of the studies operationalized thematic/episodic frames.)

Table 4.3: Thematic/episodic framing studies by country of publication. (The number in parentheses indicates how many of the studies operationalized thematic/episodic frames.)

Table 4.4: Thematic and episodic frames: specific health area. (The number in parentheses indicates how many of the studies operationalized thematic/episodic frames.)

       Table 4.5: Type of medium examined in thematic and episodic frame studies. (The number in parentheses indicates how many of the studies operationalized thematic/episodic frames.)

       Table 4.6: Data-gathering by health topic. Data-gathering method.

       Table 4.7: Studies operationalizing thematic and episodic frames: number of other frames measured/tested.

       Table 4.8: Names & frequency of frames.

      ←ix | x→

       Table 4.9: Citations, frame description used in studies operationalizing thematic and episodic frames.

       Table 4.10: Main findings of studies operationalized thematic and episodic frames.

       Table 7.1: Stigma characteristic descriptions.

       Table 7.2: Stigma characteristic indices.

       Table 7.3: Correlation measures for emotion indices.

       Table 7.4: Means for stigma characteristics for obesity.

       Table 7.5: Emotion means by story type for obesity.

       Table 7.6: Tukey post-hoc tests examining differences in means between story types for obesity.

       Table 7.7: Spearman’s rho correlations of stigma characteristics and emotion for episodic loss stories and thematic loss stories for obesity.

       Table 7.8: Correlations between stigma characteristics and social helping for obesity.

       Table 8.1: Stigma characteristic descriptions.

       Table 8.2: Stigma characteristic indices.

       Table 8.3: Correlation measures for emotion indices.

       Table 8.4: Means for stigma characteristics for depression.

       Table 8.5: Emotional affect means by story type for depression.

       Table 8.6: Tukey post-hoc tests examining differences in means between story types for depression.

       Table 8.7: Spearman’s rho correlations of stigma characteristics and emotion for episodic loss stories and thematic loss stories for depression.

       Table 8.8: Correlations between stigma characteristics and social helping for depression.

      ←x | xi→

Preface

      Several years ago I was presenting my research on the effects of episodic and thematic frames in health news. The audience was colleagues, including professors and practitioners, and graduate students from the journalism program at Indiana University in Bloomington. As I was explaining my work defining episodic and thematic frames and their connection to attribution of responsibility, I watched the facial expressions of the people attending my lecture.

      Like most people, who present or perform in front of audiences, I was trying to read the room. Searching the faces for comprehension, confusion, agreement, disagreement, etc. I noticed one of my colleagues, a Pulitzer prize winning journalist, nodding in agreement with how I was describing thematic and episodic framing. I was explaining how journalists use these frames in news to cover health issues by focusing on individual stories of success or failure sometimes combined with details that offer a broader context