Основные концепции естествознания. Степан Карпенков. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: Степан Карпенков
Издательство: ЮРАЙТ
Серия:
Жанр произведения: Прочая образовательная литература
Год издания: 0
isbn: 978-5-9692-0101-9
Скачать книгу
основного уравнения молекулярно-кинетической теории вытекает важный вывод: средняя кинетическая энергия Е поступательного движения одной молекулы идеального газа прямо пропорциональна его термодинамической температуре и зависит только от нее, т. е.

      Конец ознакомительного фрагмента.

      Текст предоставлен ООО «ЛитРес».

      Прочитайте эту книгу целиком, купив полную легальную версию на ЛитРес.

      Безопасно оплатить книгу можно банковской картой Visa, MasterCard, Maestro, со счета мобильного телефона, с платежного терминала, в салоне МТС или Связной, через PayPal, WebMoney, Яндекс.Деньги, QIWI Кошелек, бонусными картами или другим удобным Вам способом.

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