Театр мира. История картографии. Томас Рейнертсен Берг. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: Томас Рейнертсен Берг
Издательство: Ад Маргинем Пресс
Серия:
Жанр произведения:
Год издания: 2018
isbn: 978-5-91103-704-8
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передачей скандинавского имени Оттар.

      60

      Цит. по: Матузова В. И. Английские средневековые источники. XI–XIII века. М.: Наука, 1979. С. 24.

      61

      То есть на юге, поскольку ориентация по сторонам света у Орозия смещена на 90°.

      62

      Текст доступен на: https://www.abhoc.com/arc_vr/2012_01/646/index.html

      63

      Цит. по: Славянские хроники / пер. И. Дьяконова. М.: Русская панорама, 2011. С. 110.

      64

      Мельникова Е. А. Древнескандинавские географические сочинения. С. 135.

      65

      Гандвиком древние скандинавы называли Северный Ледовитый океан, который они воспринимали как огромный залив, позднее это название закрепилось лишь за Белым морем.

      66

      Там же. С. 78.

      67

      Цит. по: Мельникова Е. А. Древнескандинавские итинерарии в Рим, Константинополь и Святую землю // Древнейшие государства Восточной Европы. М.: Восточная литература, 2001. С. 397, 399.

      68

      Там же. С. 404.

      69

      См.: Стурлусон С. Круг земной / пер. М. Стеблин-Каменского. М.: Наука, 1980. С. 11.

      70

      Там же.

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