where
3.6 Bounds for Two-phase Isotropic Composites
It follows from Hashin and Shtrikman [5], and the review by Hashin [1], that bounds for the effective thermal conductivity of a two-phase composite, valid for arbitrary reinforcement geometries leading to statistically isotropic effective properties, may be expressed in the form
Walpole [7, Equation (26)] has derived rigorous bounds for the effective bulk modulus, which can for a two-phase composite be expressed in the following two equivalent forms
On using the bounds (3.62) for the bulk modulus, it can be shown that the bounds for the effective thermal expansion are such that
if (kp−km)(μp−μm)(αp−αm)≥0: