Poly(lactic acid). Группа авторов. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: Группа авторов
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited
Серия:
Жанр произведения: Химия
Год издания: 0
isbn: 9781119767466
Скачать книгу
DR = (L − L0)/L0 for the sample length L and L0 (initial value).

      Source: Reproduced from Wang et al., Macromolecules 2017, 44, 3285–3300.

Schematic illustration of temperature dependence of 2D X-ray diffraction pattern of highly oriented alpha form under a constant tensile force (about 1 MPa).

      Source: Reproduced from Wang et al., Macromolecules 2017, 44, 3285–3300.

Image described by caption.

      Source: Modified from the reference [20]. Reproduced from Wang et al., Macromolecules 2017, 44, 3285–3300.

      (c) The change of the X‐ray coherent domain size in the transition process from the α to δ to β forms.

      PLLA α form

      Elastic constants matrix,

c left-parenthesis upper G upper P a right-parenthesis equals Start 6 By 6 Matrix 1st Row 1st Column 2.50 2nd Column 6.48 3rd Column 7.15 4th Column 0.00 5th Column negative 1.45 6th Column 0.00 2nd Row 1st Column 6.48 2nd Column 12.38 3rd Column 9.07 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 2.28 6th Column 0.00 3rd Row 1st Column 7.15 2nd Column 9.07 3rd Column 17.87 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 3.98 6th Column 0.00 4th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 15.03 5th Column 0.00 6th Column 3.18 5th Row 1st Column negative 1.45 2nd Column 2.28 3rd Column 3.98 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 0.21 6th Column 0.00 6th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 3.18 5th Column 0.00 6th Column 3.90 EndMatrix s left-parenthesis upper G upper P a Superscript negative 1 Baseline right-parenthesis equals Start 6 By 6 Matrix 1st Row 1st Column 0.08 2nd Column negative 0.02 3rd Column 0.06 4th Column 0.00 5th Column negative 0.35 6th Column 0.00 2nd Row 1st Column negative 0.02 2nd Column 0.13 3rd Column negative 0.09 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 0.12 6th Column 0.00 3rd Row 1st Column 0.06 2nd Column negative 0.09 3rd Column 0.07 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 0.04 6th Column 0.00 4th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 0.08 5th Column 0.00 6th Column negative 0.07 5th Row 1st Column negative 0.35 2nd Column 0.12 3rd Column 0.04 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 0.16 6th Column 0.00 6th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column negative 0.07 5th Column 0.00 6th Column 0.31 EndMatrix

      PLLA δ form

c left-parenthesis upper G upper P a right-parenthesis equals Start 6 By 6 Matrix 1st Row 1st Column 3.52 2nd Column 3.26 3rd Column 6.49 4th Column 0.02 5th Column negative 0.88 6th Column negative 0.18 2nd Row 1st Column 3.26 2nd Column 10.53 3rd Column 9.21 4th Column negative 0.35 5th Column negative 2.05 6th Column 2.81 3rd Row 1st Column 6.49 2nd Column 9.21 3rd Column 24.72 4th Column 2.64 5th Column 0.53 6th Column negative 13.16 4th Row 1st Column 0.02 2nd Column negative 0.35 3rd Column 1.04 4th Column negative 0.61 5th Column 0.15 6th Column 1.89 5th Row 1st Column negative 0.88 2nd Column negative 2.05 3rd Column 0.53 4th Column 0.15 5th Column 2.78 6th Column negative 1.17 6th Row 1st Column negative 0.18 2nd Column 2.81 3rd Column negative 13.16 4th Column 4.89 5th Column negative 1.17 6th Column 1.25 EndMatrix s left-parenthesis upper G upper P a Superscript negative 1 Baseline right-parenthesis equals Start 6 By 6 Matrix 1st Row 1st Column 0.63 2nd Column negative 0.05 3rd Column negative 0.13 4th Column negative 0.26 5th Column 0.20 6th Column 0.00 2nd Row 1st Column negative 0.05 2nd Column 0.16 3rd Column negative 0.04 4th Column negative 0.17 5th Column 0.12 6th Column 0.00 3rd Row 1st Column negative 0.13 2nd Column negative 0.04 3rd Column 0.08 4th Column 0.21 5th Column negative 0.10 6th Column 0.00 4th Row 1st Column negative 0.26 2nd Column negative 0.17 3rd Column 0.21 4th Column 0.55 5th Column negative 0.19 6th Column 0.20 5th Row 1st Column 0.20 2nd Column 0.12 3rd Column negative 0.10 4th Column negative 0.19 5th Column 0.54 6th Column 0.00 6th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 0.20 5th Column 0.00 6th Column 0.02 EndMatrix

      PLLA β form

c left-parenthesis upper G upper P a right-parenthesis equals Start 6 By 6 Matrix 1st Row 1st Column 7.63 2nd Column 5.06 3rd Column 5.38 4th Column 0.34 5th Column 0.14 6th Column negative 0.95 2nd Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 6.09 3rd Column 2.71 4th Column 0.46 5th Column negative 1.08 6th Column 1.59 3rd Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 18.37 4th Column 0.87 5th Column negative 2.42 6th Column 0.66 4th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 1.21 5th Column negative 0.77 6th Column 0.45 5th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 1.28 6th Column 0.32 6th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 0.00 6th Column 1.25 EndMatrix s left-parenthesis upper G upper P a Superscript minus negative 1 Baseline right-parenthesis equals Start 6 By 6 Matrix 1st Row 1st Column 0.081 2nd Column 0.015 3rd Column negative 0.004 4th Column 0.175 5th Column 0.167 6th Column negative 0.249 2nd Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.089 3rd Column negative 0.043 4th Column negative 0.231 5th Column negative 0.208 6th Column 0.24 3rd Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.065 4th Column negative 0.045 5th Column 0.034 6th Column 0.100 4th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 0.919 5th Column 0.188 6th Column 0.578 5th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 0.00 5th Column 0.621 6th Column 0.578 6th Row 1st Column 0.00 2nd Column 0.00 3rd Column 0.00 4th Column 0.20 5th Column 0.00 6th Column 0.019 EndMatrix

      The calculated Young’s moduli along the c‐axis (E c = 1/s 33) are compared among the α, δ, and β forms, as shown below:

       α form: E c = 14.7 GPa [66] (X‐ray observed 13.76 GPa [66, 73])

       δ form: E c = 12.5 GPa [66] (X‐ray observed 12.58 GPa [66])

       β form: E c = 15.4 GPa [20]

      The experimental evaluation of the Young’s modulus of the crystal lattice along the chain axis, which is often called the crystallite modulus, was performed using the X‐ray diffraction method [67], where the crystalline strain along the chain axis was measured under constant tensile stresses by assuming the stress working on the